Study On Quality Evaluation Of Schisandra Chinensis(Turcz.) Baill.fruits Medicinal Material

Objective:Taking the change of multicomponent content,antioxidant activity and residue of harmful substances as the investigation indexes,the effects of different primary processing methods,different storage conditions and production areas on the quality of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.fruits medicinal material were discussed,in order to make a comprehensive quality evaluation of Schisandra chinensis.Methods:The contents of 10 lignans,5 organic acids and 9 oligosaccharides in Schisandra chinensis were determined by UPLC-QQQ-MS method.GC-MS method detects the relative percentage content of volatile components in medicinal materials.The antioxidant capacity of Schisandra chinensis was analyzed by taking DPPH radical scavenging capacity,ABTS~+and FRAP as detection indexes,combined with grey correlation analysis.The safety evaluation used ICP-MS method to determine the content of five heavy metals.GC-MS and LC-MS methods detected multiple pesticide residues.And combined with multivariate statistical analysis to process the data.Results:1.In the investigation of different primary processing methods,the content of lignans in the 8 groups of Schisandra chinensis treated by different drying methods was relatively small,and the content of 10 lignans in the vacuum treatment and hot air drying groups had the same trend at different temperatures,but the temperature had a greater influence on the lignans in the hot air drying group.The content of organic acids and oligosaccharides varied significantly under different primary processing methods,and the average content of these two components under different temperature hot air drying conditions was higher than that under vacuum drying conditions.By calculating the differential contribution of each component to the processed sample,it can be seen that oligosaccharide components contribute greatly to the differentiation of primary processing methods.A total of 17 components were identified by the analysis of volatile components,mainly terpene components,and with the decrease of drying time and drying temperature,the loss of component content was also less.The results of antioxidant activity determination showed that with the increase of the concentration of the sample solution,the antioxidant activity of Schisandra chinensis was also increasing,and the antioxidant activity of the sample treated by vacuum freeze-drying was better.2.The quality of Schisandra chinensis was investigated under different storage conditions by influencing factors such as temperature,humidity,time and packaging materials.The results of the comparative analysis of the content of each component in Schisandra chinensis showed that with the extension of storage time,the overall content of lignans in the samples showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the content of Schisandrol A in the samples stored for two years was lower than the specified value of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).The overall content of organic acids generally showed a downward trend.The total content of oligosaccharides showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The relative percentage content of most of the volatile components showed a downward trend.Aflatoxin was not detected in the samples during the investigation period.The DPPH scavenging rate of Schisandra chinensis was consistent with the change of organic acid components under different storage conditions,and showed a downward trend.The ABTS~+and FRAP values were consistent with the changes in lignans,rising first and then decreasing.3.Investigation on the quality of Schisandra schisandra in different producing areas in the three northeastern provinces,it can be seen from the average total content of each component in each production area that the average total content of lignans in Schisandra chinensis produced in Jilin Province was the highest,which was 28.98 mg/g.The average total content of organic acids and oligosaccharides were the highest in Liaoning Province,which were 119.38 mg/g and 42.80μg/g,respectively.When volatile oil was used as the index component,the results of medicinal materials produced in Heilongjiang province were better.In the detection of antioxidant activity,the DPPH clearance rate was better than that of Schisandra schisandra produced in Liaoning province.ABTS~+inhibition rate and FRAP value are better medicinal materials produced in Jilin province.For the safety evaluation and investigation,the content of 5 heavy metals in Schisandra chinensis in 31 production areas was less than one-third of the limit value in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,and there were no heavy metal samples exceeding the standard.At the same time,isoprocarb,chlorpyriphos-ethyl,procymidone and bifenthrin were detected in samples from 31production areas,but their levels were all within the safe range.No banned pesticides were detected in all samples,and it can be seen that the growth environment of Schisandra chinensis in the three northeastern provinces is in good condition,which is suitable for the planting and cultivation of Schisandra chinensis medicinal materials.Conclusion:Among the different primary processing technologies,hot air drying at50℃is a more suitable processing method for Schisandra chinensis.The results of different storage conditions showed that the conditions of 5～15℃and humidity of 40%～50%were more suitable for storing Schisandra chinensis,and kraft paper bags were better packaging materials.Do not exceed 2 years was the effective storage period for Schisandra chinensis fruits.Under the investigation of different production areas in the three northeastern provinces,it can be seen from the results of various indicators that the average total content of Schisandra chinensis lignans in Jilin province is the highest,and the antioxidant activity of ABTS~+and FRAP is good.The average total content of organic acids and oligosaccharides in Schisandra chinensis in Liaoning province was higher,and the antioxidant activity of DPPH was better.The volatile components are preferably Schisandra chinensis in Heilongjiang province.During the safety evaluation and inspection,the content of harmful substances in all medicinal materials were within the safe range and complied with the regulations.Comprehensive analysis,the comprehensive quality of Schisandra chinensis medicinal materials produced in Liaoning province is better.Based on the change of multicomponent content,antioxidant activity and analysis of harmful substances,the quality evaluation of Schisandra chinensis was carried out,which provided a scientific basis for the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of Schisandra chinensis.