A Study On The Application Of Nursing Interventions Based On BCW Theory In The Health Behaviour Of Patients With Ischaemic Stroke

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop and apply a behavioural care intervention programme for ischaemic stroke(IS)patients,based on the Behaviour Change Wheel(BCW)theory,to investigate the effects of this programme on health knowledge,health behaviour and self-efficacy in patients with ischaemic stroke,and to provide a reference for the development of effective intervention strategies to improve the health behaviour of patients with ischaemic stroke.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the programme on health knowledge,health behaviour and self-efficacy in patients with ischaemic stroke.MethodBased on the survey of patients’ current situation and the analysis of influencing factors,the preliminary health behavior care intervention plan was constructed based on BCW theory by combining previous related studies.After that,the intervention implementation plan was further formed through pre-experimentation and two rounds of Delphi expert consultation.A convenience sampling method was used to select 104 patients with ischemic stroke who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria admitted to the neurology department of a tertiary hospital from May 2022 to September 2022,and they were numbered according to the order of admission,with the odd-numbered group as the experimental group and the even-numbered group as the control group,with 52 cases each.The control group received routine care and follow-up,while the trial group received a nursing intervention based on BCW theory.The level of health behavior,self-efficacy,and health knowledge of patients with stroke were evaluated on the third day of admission,the day of discharge,and four weeks after discharge using the Health Behavior of Stroke Patients Scale,the General Self-Efficacy Scale,the Health Knowledge of Stroke Patients Scale,and the General Information Questionnaire in both groups.Result1.104 cases were included at the beginning of the study,3 cases were lost to the study en route,and 101 patients were finally included,the test group(50 cases)and the control group(51 cases),with a sample effective rate of 97.12%.2.The differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05)and comparable between the two groups in terms of gender,education level,monthly household income,type of caregiver,whether they had exercise habits,history of smoking and drinking,pre-intervention health behavior scores,self-efficacy scores,and health knowledge scores.3.Health knowledge scores: When comparing the pre-intervention health knowledge scores of the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);when compared with the control group,on the day of discharge and four weeks after discharge,the scores of IS patients in the test group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05);Repeated measures showed a statistically significant(P<0.05)interaction effect between time and group for the total health knowledge scores of the two groups.4.Self-efficacy scores: When comparing the pre-intervention self-efficacy scores of the two groups,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);compared with the control group,the scores of IS patients in the test group were higher than those in the control group on the day of discharge and four weeks after discharge,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Repeated measures showed a statistically significant(P<0.05)interaction effect between time and group for the total self-efficacy scores of the two groups.5.Health behaviour scores: The health behaviour scores of the patients in the two groups before the intervention were compared,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);compared with the control group,the difference in health behaviour in the test group on the day of discharge was not statistically significant(P>0.05);four weeks after discharge,the health behaviour scores of the test group were higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Repeated measures showed a statistically significant(P<0.05)interaction effect between time and group for the total health behaviour scores of the two groups.Conclusion1.The BCW-based health behavior nursing intervention program is applicable to ischemic stroke nursing practice.2.The BCW theory-based health behavior nursing intervention program is based on the ability,opportunity and motivation elements that contribute to behavior change as the entry point for intervention,and the development of in-hospital and out-of-hospital health behavior nursing intervention programs can enhance patients’ self-efficacy,improve patients’ health knowledge and health behavior,promote changes in poor health behavior of IS patients,and improve patients’ prognosis.