Chemical Constitutents From Alpinia Officinarum And Their Neuroprotective Effect

Alpinia officinarum Hance is a kind of Zingiberaceae plants with neuroprotective,antioxidant,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,antitumor and other pharmacological activities.It mainly includes volatile components and non-volatile components,among which the non-volatile components mainly include diarylheptanoids and flavonoids,and diarylheptanoids are the characteristic chemical components.Neurodegenerative diseases are neurological disorders originated for the neurodegenerative changes with nerve cells dying or losing functions.The pathogenesises of neurodegenerative diseases are complex in which oxidative stress is closely related.Small molecules with antioxidant functions or antioxidant stress effects can fight nerve damages caused by oxidative stress and display potential therapeutic effects on neurodegenerative diseases.There are few studies about the neuroprotective effects of diarylheptanoids components form A.officinarum.Therefore,A.officinarum was selected as the research object in this paper.The chemical compositions of ethyl acetate parts of A.officinarum ethanol extracts were studied under the guidance of LC-MS.67 compounds were isolated including 45diarylheptanoids,10 flavonoids and 12 other compounds.There were 8 new compounds in which 2 diarylheptanoids dimers and 6 linear diarylheptanoids were included.The neuroprotective activities of all compounds were evaluated using H₂O₂-induced SH-SY5Y cell model.The results showed that compounds 9,12,14,22,24,27,30,35,37,39 and 44 showed stronger neuroprotective effects than positive drugs at the optimal concentration.The ROS level of the damaged cells was measured.Compounds 12,24,27 and 35 significantly reduced the ROS level of the cells after beening treated with the compounds.The inhibiting effects of the compounds on the productions of MDA and NO in the damaged cells were tested as well.The results showed that the levels of MDA productions in the damaged cells were significantly decreased after the treatment of compounds 12,24,27 and 35.Compounds 12,24,27and 35 reduced the level of NO production in the damaged cells,and compound 12significantly reduced the level of NO production,showing a good neuroprotective effect.These results enriched the chemical constituents of A.officinarum and confirmed the neuroprotective effects of diarylheptanoids from A.officinarum.We summarized the chemical constituents and biological activities of A.officinarum in the review section.A.officinarum mainly contains volatile oils,diarylheptanoids,flavonoids and other components in which diarylheptanoids are the characteristic components and 55 ones have been reported from A.officinarum showed an abundance of biological activities such as antioxidant,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial and neuroprotective effects.