Study On The Expression And Value Of IRF4 In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Research background and purposeAccording to the estimation of the World Health Organization,cancer is the first or second leading cause of death before the age of 70 in most countries.In 2020,it is estimated that 19.3 million new cancer cases and nearly 10 million cancer patients will die worldwide.Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest incidence rate and death rate worldwide.Its all-cause deaths account for about 18.0% of cancer deaths and are also the main cause of cancer deaths.Lung cancer is also the main cause of cancer death in China,with its incidence rate and mortality rising significantly in recent years;Some studies predict that China’s lung cancer mortality rate may increase by about 40% between 2015 and 2030.The five-year survival rate(7%-25%)of lung cancer is far lower than that of other major cancers.If lung cancer can be detected early,existing interventions can effectively reduce the mortality rate of lung cancer patients.Currently,the methods for early detection of lung cancer include detection of tumor markers and imaging screening,but they cannot fully meet the needs.Currently,commonly used tumor markers such as CEA,SCC,NSE,CYFRA21-1,and others in clinical practice have certain limitations in the early detection,sensitivity,and specificity of lung cancer.Interferon regulatory factor(IRF)is a class of multifunctional transcription factor,Which can regulatory interferon β.The first new protein was discovered in 1988,so it was named interferon regulatory factor 1.Subsequently,a c DNA clone hybridized with IRF1 c DNA was identified,named IRF2,and IRF3,IRF4,IRF5,IRF6,IRF7,IRF8,and IRF9 were successively discovered,gradually forming the IRF family.Previous studies have shown that the relationship between IRF4 and various hematological malignancies is well known,and it has been confirmed as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for various hematological malignancies;IRF4 is related to the occurrence of lung cancer,but its mechanism of action in lung cancer has been less studied,the details are unclear.There is currently no study on IRF4 in lung cancer lavage fluids.This study aims to investigate the significance of IRF4 in the diagnosis of non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)by detecting the expression of IRF4 in peripheral blood,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and cancer tissue in NSCLC patients.Materials and Methods1.The tumor tissue and paracancerous tissue(lung tissue>5cm from the tumor tissue)of 45 patients with NSCLC were collected,including 22 patients with lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD)and 23 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC);The real-time quantitative PCR detection system(QPCR)was used to detect IRF4 m RNA levels in tumor and adjacent tissues;Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was used to detect the expression of IRF4.2.Collect peripheral blood from 96 patients with NSCLC,including 72 patients with LUAD and 24 patients with LUSC;90 cases of peripheral blood in the healthy control group;The concentration of IRF4 in the peripheral blood of the two groups was compared using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);3.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected from 80 patients with NSCLC,including 54 patients with LUAD and 26 patients with LUSC;In the control group of benign lesions,56 patients received bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF);The concentration of IRF4 in BALF of the two groups was compared using ELISA detection method;Results1.The expression level of IRF4 m RNA in NSCLC patients’ cancer tissues detected by QPCR was significantly higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.0001).2.The expression level of IRF4 protein in NSCLC patients’ cancer tissues detected by IHC method was significantly higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.0001).3.The concentration of IRF4 in the peripheral blood serum of NSCLC patients detected by ELISA was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.0001).4.The concentration of IRF4 in the peripheral blood serum of patients with NSCLC was not related to age,gender,and pathological classification(P>0.05);It is related to clinical staging,and the concentration of IRF4 in the peripheral blood serum of patients in the advanced stage is higher than that in the early stage,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).5.When the peripheral blood concentration of IRF4 was 642.95pg/ml,its sensitivity for diagnosing NSCLC was 87.5%,and its specificity was 90%(P<0.001);The sensitivity and specificity of IRF4 in the early stage of NSCLC were 86.1% and 87.5%,respectively(P<0.001).6.The concentration of IRF4 in the alveolar lavage fluid of patients with NSCLC detected by ELISA was significantly higher than that in the lavage fluid of Group III according to the Master’s Thesis of Chengdu Medical College,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.0001).7.The concentration of IRF4 in the lavage fluid of patients with NSCLC was not significantly correlated with age,gender,pathological classification,and clinical stage(P>0.05).Conclusion:1.The expression level of IRF4 m RNA and protein in NSCLC patients’ cancer tissue is significantly higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer;2.Detection of BALF or IRF4 concentration in peripheral blood serum by ELISA is helpful for the diagnosis of NSCLC,and IRF4 may become a biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC;3.Detecting the concentration of IRF4 in peripheral blood serum is related to the clinical stage of NSCLC patients,which is helpful for the preliminary determination of clinical stage.