Studies On The Chemical Constituents And Their Bioactivities Of Xylaria Longipes HFG1018 And Other Four Kinds Of Fungi

This thesis consists of six chapters.Chapters 1-5 discuss the research on chemical constituents and biological activities of five fungi including Xylaria longipes HFG1018,Penicillium sp.L3SO,Penicillium sp.L1SO,Penicillium sp.JXCC-5,and marine fungi Aspergillus chevalieri MLC-1.Chapter 6 reviews the recent research progress of the biosynthetic studies of some important natural products derived from higher fungi.Various chromatographic methods,such as normal/reverse-phase silica gel chromatography,preparative medium pressure liquid chromatography,Sephadex-LH20 gel column chromatography,and high performance liquid chromatography,as well as many spectroscopic techniques,such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy,specific optical rotations,and electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy are comprehensively used.A total of 101compounds were purified and elucidated from these five fungi,including 45 previously undescribed compounds.The absolute configurations of some compounds were determined by computational chemistry.The types of compounds involve polyketides,indole alkaloids,sesquiterpenes,diterpenes,and so on.The first chapter introduces the purification and elucidation of 20 compounds（1–20）,including 9 new ones（1–9）,from the rice fermentation of Xylaria longipes HFG1018.The types of compounds are mainly sesquiterpenes,diterpenes,and so on.The second chapter introduces the purification and elucidation of 20 compounds（21–40）,including 13 new ones（21–33）,from the rice fermentation of Penicillium sp.L3SO.The main types of compounds are polyketides and indole alkaloids.A total of six novel skeleton types were elucidated including a novel skeleton of furanone-thiophene heterodimer,three novel skeletons of furanone polyketides heterodimers,two novel skeletons of furanone dimers.The third chapter introduces the purification and elucidation of 27 compounds（41–67）,including 8 new ones（41–49）,from the rice fermentation of Penicillium sp.L1SO.Compound types include sesquiterpenes,diketopiperazine indole alkaloids,griseofulvins,and so on.The absolute configurations of compounds 44–46 were determined by computational chemistry.The fourth chapter introduces the purification and elucidation of 19 compounds（68–86）,including 10 new ones（68–78）,from the liquid fermentation of Penicillium sp.JXCC-5.The types of compounds include indole alkaloids,polyketides,etc.Compounds72 and 73 are two polyketide-amino acid derivative heterodimers with novel backbones.The fifth chapter introduces the purification and elucidation of 15 compounds（87–101）including 5 new ones（87–91）from the rice fermentation of the marine fungus Aspergillus chevalieri MLC-1,among which compounds 89–91 showed moderate inhibitory activity to Staphylococcus aureus,methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.The MIC₅₀value of compound 91 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was44.02μM.The sixth chapter reviews the recent progress in the biosynthesis of some important natural products that originated from higher fungi.Totally 53 papers were cited.