Study On Risk Factors Of Myopia Among Junior High School And Primary Students In Shenhe District,shenyang

Objective: To understand the myopia situation of junior high school and primary school students in urban area,and analyze the related influencing factors of myopia in different groups,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating targeted comprehensive prevention and intervention measures of myopia.Methods: The uncorrected visual acuity and non-cycloplegic autorefraction were examined by professional ophthalmologists in junior high school and primary school students in Shenhe District of Shenyang City.Students themselves or their parents who are familiar with their living and learning habits fill in an electronic questionnaire to collect information about the factors related to myopia.Chi-square test was used to compare the myopia rate.Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the difference of myopia constituent ratio.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the difference of myopia constituent ratio.Results: 1.A total of 12512 students were enrolled in this study,6678 of them were found to be myopic,and the overall myopia rate was 53.4%.The rate of myopia was54.9% in girls and 51.9% in boys.The myopia rate of grade 1~3,grade 4~6 and grade of junior high school were 32.3%,66.6% and 87.2% respectively.The rate of myopia in girls was higher than that in boys(P<0.05).The myopia rate increased with the grade(P<0.05).2.In the population of students,binary Logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=1.129,95%CI: 1.043~1.223),grade growth(grade 4~6 OR=4.125,95%CI:3.777~4.504;junior high school grade OR=13.776,95%CI: 11.839~16.03),genetic factors(one parent myopia OR=1.613,95%CI: 1.476~1.763;all parents myopia OR=2.221,95%CI: 1.962~2.515),spent 2 hours or more reading and writing after school every day(OR=1.405,95%CI: 1.291~1.529),and spent hours on online course(less than 4hours OR=1.194,95%CI: 1.095~1.302;4 hours or more OR=1.498,95%CI: 1.286~1.746),often or always reading in direct sunlight or electronic screen(OR=1.272,95%CI:1.089~1.486)are risk factors for myopia;Spend 1 hour or more outdoors every day(OR=0.912,95%CI: 0.838~0.991),sleep 8 hours or more every day(OR=0.9,95%CI:0.825~0.982),read and write often or always more than one foot away from books (OR=0.822,95%CI:0.74~0.912)is a protective factor for myopia.3.In primary school students from grade 1 to Grade 3,8 variables that were significant for univariate analysis were taken as independent variables,and whether or not myopia was taken as dependent variable for multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The results showed that genetic factors(one parent myopia OR=1.477,95%CI:1.306-1.671;All parents were nearsighted OR=1.946,95%CI: 1.665~2.275),spent 2hours OR more reading and writing after school every day(OR=1.405,95%CI:1.254~1.574),and spent hours on Internet(less than 4 hours OR=1.22,95%CI:1.087~1.369;4 hours OR=1.747,95%CI: 1.387~2.2)was the risk factor for myopia;Frequently OR always more than one punch(OR=0.736,95%CI: 0.658~0.824)in the chest from the edge of the table during reading and writing was a protective factor for myopia.4.In primary school students from grade 4 to 6,10 variables that were significant for univariate analysis were taken as independent variables,and whether or not myopia was taken as dependent variable for multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The results showed that female(OR=1.25,95%CI: 1.096~1.427),genetic factors(one parent myopia OR=1.778,95%CI: 1.542~2.051;All parents were nearsighted OR=2.616,95%CI:2.083~3.284),spent 2 hours OR more reading and writing after school every day(OR=1.375,95%CI: 1.195~1.584),and spent hours on Internet(less than 4 hours OR=1.169,95%CI: 1.012~1.35;OR=1.461,95%CI: 1.143~1.867)for 4 hours or more were risk factors for myopia;Spend 1 hour OR more outdoors every day(OR=0841,95%CI: 0.735~0.963),sleep 8 hours OR more every day(OR=0.783,95%CI:0.682~0.899),read and write often or always more than one foot away from books(OR=0.812,95%CI: 0.71~0.928)is a protective factor for myopia.5.In junior middle school students,the six variables that were significant in univariate analysis were taken as independent variables,and whether or not myopia was taken as dependent variable for multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The results showed that female(OR=1.349,95%CI: 1.041~1.747),genetic factors(one parent myopia OR=1.532,95%CI: 1.147~2.047;Nearsightedness(OR=4.623,95%CI:1.865~11.456)and reading and writing for 2 hours OR more after school every day(OR=1.446,95%CI: 1.089~1.92)were risk factors for myopia.Reading and writing often OR always more than one foot away from a book(OR=0.7,95%CI: 0.541~0.907)is a protective factor for myopia.Conclusions: 1.In Shenhe District,Shenyang,the overall myopia rate of junior high school and primary school students is 53.4%,46.3% in primary school and 87.2% in junior high school,which is at a relatively high level.2.Myopia is the result of multiple factors,and its influencing factors have different effects in different grades of primary school and junior high school.