| Objective:To extract antioxidant related dietary patterns of Xinjiang residents and explore the relationship between antioxidant dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes.Methods:In this study,147 patients with type 2 diabetes newly diagnosed by The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and Xinjiang Medical University Health Management Center were selected as the case group.And 379 normal adults who were admitted for physical examination at the same time were selected as the control group.The height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,systolic blood pressure,and diastolic blood pressure of the included subjects were measured.The subjects’ blood glucose and blood lipids were measured,and the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondialdehyde(MDA)and 2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-Hexabromophenyl ether(BDE-153)in serum were measured.The questionnaire was entered using Epidata software using a double entry method.After data verification,the intake of various foods and nutrients of the study subjects was calculated,and the antioxidant related dietary patterns of the study subjects were extracted using a reduced rank regression method.The data were analyzed using SPSS,R,and Stata software.Results:(1)There were significant differences between the case group and the control group in gender,age,drinking,smoking,physical labor level and physical exercise(P < 0.05).(2)The height,weight,BMI,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist to hip ratio,diastolic blood pressure,triglyceride,and BDE-153 in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while high-density lipoprotein was significantly lower than those in the control group(P <0.05).(3)The content of serum glutathione peroxidase in the control group was lower than that in the case group,with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05).The content of MDA in serum of the case group was higher than that of the control group,,with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05).(4)The daily average intake of cereals,livestock meat,poultry,beverages and alcohol in the diabetes group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05),while the daily average intake of potatoes,beans,vegetables,bacteria and algae,dairy products,aquatic products and eggs was significantly lower than that in the control group(P < 0.05).(5)Compared with the control group,the daily average intake of energy,protein,fat,carbohydrate,vitamin E,folate,niacin,phosphorus,sodium,magnesium,iron,zinc,selenium,copper,manganese,choline and biotin in the diabetes group was higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05),and the daily average intake of vitamin C in the diabetes group was lower than that in the control group(P < 0.05).(6)Compared with the control group,the daily average intake of onions,carrots,mangosteens,strawberries,miscellaneous beans(chickpeas,mung beans,red beans),agaric,apples,raisins,red dates,and medlar in the diabetes group was lower,with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.001).Compared with the control group,the intake of broccoli,leek,pomegranate,fragrant pear,yogurt and honey in the diabetes group was lower,with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05).(7)Using a reduced rank regression method,the antioxidant related dietary patterns of the study subjects were extracted using three antioxidant nutrients,vitamin C,vitamin E,and selenium,as response variables.Three antioxidant related dietary patterns were extracted.Mode 1 was characterized by a high intake of dried fruits,cereals and animal meat,while Mode 2 was characterized by a high intake of vegetables and fruits,and a low intake of cereals and animal meat.Mode 3 is characterized by a low intake of dried fruits.Mode 1 and mode 2have a high proportion of explanations for the variability of response variables,so mode 1and mode 2 are retained for analysis.(8)Comparing the scores of antioxidant related dietary patterns between the case group and the control group,it was found that in Mode 1,the scores of dietary patterns in the case group were higher than those in the control group.In Mode 2,the dietary pattern score of the control group was higher than that of the case group,with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05).(9)The antioxidant related dietary pattern scores were divided into Q1,Q2,Q3,and Q4 groups according to the quartile.The distribution of the quartile of antioxidant related dietary pattern scores in the case group and the control group was analyzed.The results showed that in mode 1,the ratio of population composition in the higher quantile of the case group was higher than that in the lower Quantile,and the ratio of population composition in the higher quantile of the control group was lower than that in the lower Quantile.With the increase of the antioxidant diet mode score,the number of people in the case group was gradually increased,and the number of people in the control group was gradually decreased,with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05).In mode 2,the ratio of population composition in the higher quantile of the case group decreased compared with the lower Quantile,and ratio of population composition in the higher quantile of the control group increased compared with the lower Quantile.With the increase of antioxidant diet mode score,the number of people in the case group gradually decreased,and the number of people in the control group gradually increased,with a statistically significant difference(P < 0.001).(10)A comparison of the quartile scores of antioxidant related dietary patterns between the case group and the control group under different characteristics found that There was no significant difference in dietary quartile scores among different characteristic groups in mode 1 of the case group(P > 0.05),while there was a statistically significant difference in the quartile scores of dietary patterns among different gender groups and whether or not they smoked in mode 2of the case group(P < 0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the quartile scores of dietary patterns among people of different ages,gender,and alcohol consumption levels in mode 1 of the control group(P < 0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the quartile scores of dietary patterns among people of different gender,ethnicity,smoking,alcohol consumption,and physical labor levels in mode 2 of the control group(P < 0.05).(11)Logistic regression results showed that after controlling for confounding factors,the antioxidant diet score of model 2 was negatively correlated with the risk of diabetes(Q2:Q1 OR=0.334,95%CI=0.071～1.578,Q3:Q1 OR=0.162,95%CI=0.036～0.734,Q4:Q1 OR=0.046,95%CI=0.005～0.387).Conclusion:(1)There are some differences in the intake of antioxidant food between the diabetes population and the normal control population in Xinjiang.In general,the intake of antioxidant food in the case group is lower than that in the control group.(2)The antioxidant diet pattern of Xinjiang population is characterized by more intake of vegetables and fruits and less intake of cereals and animal meat.The antioxidant diet is associated with a low risk of type 2diabetes.(3)The dietary structure of type 2 diabetes patients in Xinjiang is unreasonable,and the intake of potatoes,beans,vegetables,bacteria and algae,dairy products,aquatic products,eggs,especially vegetables and fruits,should be increased appropriately. |
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