| Objectives The prevalence of diabetes and chronic kidney disease is increasing year by year,which has brought serious impact on world health and economy.The purpose of this study is to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of diabetes combined with kidney disease and the related risk factors of kidney injury in Tibetan population in Lhasa area through cross-sectional study and analysis of the related data of hospitalized patients with diabetes(DM).Methods Adult Tibetan patients with DM who admitted to the Endocrinology Department of our hospital from December 1,2019 to December 1,2022 were included in the study.1.According to the presence or absence of chronic kidney disease(CKD),these DM patients were divided into CKD group and non-CKD group.To analyze the general data and related clinical indexes of blood biochemistry between CKD group and non-CKD group,to study the incidence of diabetes mellitus complicated with renal disease in hospitalized patients,and to analyze the related risk factors of renal injury.2.SPSS 25.0 was used for data statistics and description.The quantitative data in line with the normal distribution were expressed as mean standard deviation((?)±s).The χ2 test and t test were used for comparison between the two groups,and multi-factor logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related risk factors.P<0.05 was considered as the difference with statistical significance.Results1.Epidemiological characteristicsA total of 1249 subjects were included in the study,with the average age(55.54±12.82)years old and the average course of DM of(4.68±4.91)years.Patients with diabetes combined with renal disease accounted for 39.87%(498/1249).The prevalence rate of CKD in the elderly is the highest,accounting for 46.39%,and the prevalence rate of CKD in young people,middle-aged people and the elderly tends to increase with age.The prevalence of CKD in patients with a course of more than 5 years was higher than that in patients with a course of less than 5 years(50.40% vs.49.60%).The prevalence rate of CKD in urban patients was 64.06%,which was higher than that in rural patients(35.94%).The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).2.Comparison of clinical data between CKD group and non-CKD groupCompared with non-CKD group,the course of diabetes,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,TC,LDL-C,UA and UACR in CKD group are higher.The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).3.Analysis of related risk factorsThe course of diabetes,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,TC,LDL-C,UA,UACR and e GFR are the risk factors of CKD in DM patients.The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).4.Proportion of various types of renal injury in CKD patientsIn the CKD group,renal damage was the highest,accounting for 21.89%(109/498),DKD 18.07%(90/498),hyperlipidemia 17.07%(85/498),hypertension 15.46%(77/498),other types 13.86%(69/498),hypoxia 6.43%(32/498),hyperuricemia 4.62%(23/498),and obesity 2.61%(13/498).Conclusion The prevalence rate of Tibetan diabetes complicated with renal disease in Lhasa is 39.87%,and the renal injury in patients with diabetes complicated with renal disease is closely related to the course of disease,blood pressure,blood lipid,uric acid and urinary protein.The proportion of DKD is second only to renal injury in all kinds of renal injuries.For patients with diabetes complicated with kidney disease,it is suggested that they should make pathological analysis to clarify the cause of kidney injury,and strengthen publicity and education in Tibetan areas,and evaluate and monitor related risk factors and their corresponding indicators to improve the quality of life of patients. |
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