Investigation On Malaria Prevention Behavior Of Chinese Workers In Africa And Construction Of Intervention Program

Objectives: To understand the malaria infection status of laborers going to Africa,the prevention and control behaviors affecting malaria infection,and to analyze the influencing factors of laborers’ implementation of malaria prevention and control behaviors.On this basis,a malaria intervention plan for laborers going to Africa was constructed,aiming to provide theoretical guidance for the prevention and control of malaria among laborers going to Africa.Methods:The first stage is the research on malaria infection and preventive behavior of laborers going to Africa.A cross-sectional study was adopted,and 327 laborers going to Africa were selected as the survey objects through convenience sampling from June to November 2021.The survey tools include general information,malaria prevention and control behavior questionnaire,malaria knowledge questionnaire,and malaria prevention and control behavior motivation questionnaire.SPSS.24 software was used for data entry and statistical analysis.Descriptive statistics,rank sum test,chi-square test,logistic regression and other methods were used for data analysis.The second stage is the establishment of a malaria intervention program for laborers going to Africa.(1)The first draft of the intervention plan was constructed by group meeting method.(2)Using the Delphi method of expert consultation,17 experts in the field of malaria prevention and control were selected from December 2021 to February 2022 to inquire about the plan.Adjust the plan based on the item importance scores and revision opinions given by experts.Excel2010 and SPSS.24 software were used for data entry and statistical analysis.The reliability of the results of the letter inquiries is expressed by the enthusiasm of experts,the degree of authority and the degree of coordination of opinions.The coefficient of variation and Kendall’s coefficient of harmony were used to represent the degree of coordination among experts.Result:(1)A total of 327 laborers who went to Africa completed the survey on malaria prevention and control behavior,of which 101(30.9%)had been infected with malaria in the past year.Relevant analysis found that standardized use of mosquito nets(persistent use of mosquito nets every night,and inspection of mosquito nets before use)is important for laborers going to Africa to contract malaria.(2)Univariate analysis results showed that the variables associated with normative use of bed nets were: age,years of work,basic knowledge of malaria,perceived susceptibility to malaria,perceived severity of malaria,perceived benefits of health behaviors,perceived barriers to health behaviors,and mosquito nets source.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that malaria knowledge(OR=2.76;P=0.048),source of mosquito nets(OR=1.85;P=0.023)and perceived malaria severity in motivation(OR=1.53;P=0.001),malaria perceived susceptibility(OR=2.08;P=0.001)and behavioral perception disorder(OR=0.55;P=0.001)were the main factors affecting the standardized use of mosquito nets among laborers going to Africa.(3)In this study,a malaria intervention program for laborers going to Africa was constructed.The intervention program included 3 firstlevel indicators,8 second-level indicators,and 21 third-level indicators.The mean value of the importance assignment of each indicator was greater than 4,the approval rate was greater than or equal to 80%,and the coefficient of variation was less than 20%.The second round Kendall coefficient(W)was greater than the first round Kendall coefficient and the difference was statistically significant.The first round of Delphi legal consultation included 17 experts in the field of malaria prevention and control,and the second round of Delphi legal consultation included 15 experts.The recovery rates of the two rounds of correspondence were 100% and 88%,respectively.The personal authority coefficient of experts is between 0.68 and 1.00,and the average authority coefficient of experts as a whole is 0.87.Conclusion:(1)Laborers going to Africa face a high risk of malaria infection,and the preventive behavior affecting their malaria infection is mainly "standardized use of mosquito nets".However,the proportion of workers who insist on standardized use of mosquito nets is not high.Changing their compliance with mosquito net use behaviors can start from improving their knowledge of malaria,changing their attitudes towards perceived severity of malaria,perceived susceptibility to malaria,and perceived barriers to healthy behaviors.(2)This study determined the malaria intervention plan for laborers going to Africa,which is scientific and feasible,and lays a foundation for later implementation of relevant interventions to reduce their malaria infection rate.However,this scheme still needs to be further verified and improved in practice.