The Application Of Duration-frequency Strategy In The Training Of Word Comprehension And Expression In Language Delay Children

In recent years,the incidence and the visiting rate of language delay have gradually increased,and the reasons for medical treatment are almost related to low vocabulary and poor speech production.Speech duration and fundamental frequency are important representations of speech production super segments,and are also the direct influencing factors of speed and intonation in continuous speech.From the perspective of time and frequency domain of speech production,this study studies the duration and frequency characteristics in children’s speech production,and explores the correlation between the time domain characteristics and the vocabulary level of language delayed children.At the same time,based on the mechanism and promotion factors of vocabulary acquisition,this study developed a vocabulary duration-frequency intervention strategy with high frequency,diversified speech input and vocal imitation training as the core,and carried out in clinical practice.There are three parts in this study:The first study is the characteristics of speech output and vocabulary level of children with delay.Study 1 consisted of three experiments,all of which were designed as two-group experiments.This paper mainly starts from three aspects: time domain,frequency domain and vocabulary level,to compare the differences of speech production characteristics and vocabulary level between delayed children and normal children.The study shows that there are significant differences in speech production characteristics and vocabulary level between language delay and normal children.In terms of the time domain of speech production,the maximum phonation time(p=0.000<0.01)and the maximum counting time(p=0.000<0.01)of the language retarded children were significantly lower than those of the normal children,which suggested that the children with language delay had insufficient speech respiratory support ability and poor coordination between breathing and vocalization.In addition,the time of producing disyllabic words(p=0.000<0.01)was significantly higher and the speech rate(p=0.003<0.01)was significantly lower in delayed children than the normal,suggesting that the speech rate was slower in delayed children.In terms of the frequency domain,the speech fundamental frequency(p=0.002<0.01)and it’s standard deviation(p=0.001<0.01)of the delayed children were significantly higher than normal children,indicating that the average pitch of the delayed children was high and the intonation change was too large.In terms of vocabulary,word comprehension(p=0.000<0.01)and naming(p=0.000<0.01)ability of language retarded children were significantly lower than those of the normal children,at the same time the difference of word naming ability between children and normal children is even greater.The second study was the correlation between the characteristics of speech production and vocabulary level of language delayed children.This study aims to explore the correlation between speech production and vocabulary level of language delay children.Due to the bidirectional nature of the frequency domain problem,that is,both too high and too low fundamental frequency are abnormal,it is difficult to conduct correlation analysis with vocabulary level that is abnormal in one direction.Thus,this paper only conducts the correlation between time domain parameters and vocabulary level.We found that there was a significant positive correlation between the ability of word comprehension and naming and the ability of maximum phonation time(r=0.568,p<0.01)and the maximum counting time(r=0.413,p<0.05).In addition,there was a significant positive correlation between the speech rate(r=0.396,p<0.05)and the word naming ability,suggesting that the vocabulary level and the speech production ability of the delayed children may affect each other and develop in the same direction,and the poor speech production may affect the vocabulary acquisition of the children with language delay.The last study developed a vocabulary duration-frequency intervention strategy for language retarded children and verify it’ s effectiveness.Based on all this results,combined with the promoting factors of vocabulary acquisition proposed in foreign studies,study 3 formulated a duration-frequency intervention strategy for children with delayed language development.Our practical application shows that the word comprehension(F=47.097,p=0.000<0.01)and naming(F=49.353,p=0.000<0.01)abilities of children with pre-intervention,middle and late intervention were significantly improved by using the duration-frequency intervention strategy.In conclusion,the duration-frequency intervention strategy is an effective method of vocabulary intervention for language delay children.The innovation of this study is to study the time-frequency characteristics of speech production super segments of language delay children.Taking the duration-frequency changes of speech acoustics as the training entry point,this study successfully explores a speech training strategy that can improve the word understanding and naming ability of language delay children from the aspects of speech input and imitation in the process of vocabulary intervention.