| Objective:To investigate the characteristics of vitreoretinal interface at the posterior pole of both eyes in patients with idiopathic macular hole(IMH).Methods:Twenty-nine patients(32 eyes)with IMH admitted to the medical group of our hospital from March 2021 to November 2022 were selected as the case group,26 patients(26 eyes)with contralateral non-IMH were collected as the contralateral non-IMH group,The normal control group consisted of 47 age-matched healthy eye volunteers(47 eyes),and the cross-sectional analysis was performed.General data and detailed ophthalmic examination were recorded for all subjects,including course of disease and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),slit lamp bio microscopy,EVI-OCT and optical coherence tomography(OCT)examination,etc.EVI-OCT and OCT scanning images were collected in each group,and posterior polar VRI characteristics,such as posterior vitreous detachment(PVD),posterior precortical vitreous pocket(PPVP),macular hole minimum diameter(MHMD),macular hole basal diameter(MHBD),macular hole height(MHH)and Subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and so on.All data were processed with SPSS26.0 software,and P<0.05 meant the difference was statistically significant.Results:1.The IMH group(32 eyes),the contralateral non-IMH group(26 eyes)and the normal control group(47 eyes)had no significant differences in gender and age(P>0.05),and the visual acuity and diopter of the three groups had significant differences(P<0.05).There were 3 cases of binocular disease in MH group,and the incidence of binocular IMH was 10.34%.2.The average width and height of PPVP in IMH group were 7281.25±756.67μm and 248.50(148.50,681.25)μm.In normal control group,the average width of PPVP was 6872.89±789.59μm,and the average height was 448.50(313.50,661.50)μm.The width of PPVP in IMH group was higher than that in normal control group(P=0.048),and the height was lower than that in normal control group(P=0.013).Patients with PPVP had better visual acuity than those without PPVP(P=0.004)and were younger(P=0.034).In IMH group,PPVP width was positively correlated with age(r=0.521,P=0.009),and PPVP height was negatively correlated with diopter(r=-0.653,P=0.001),that is,PPVP height increased with the increase of myopia degree.3.The average width of PPVP in the contralateral eyes without IMH was7337.05± 852.93μm,and the average height was 376.50(217.25,659.50)μm.The width of PPVP in the contralateral non-IMH group was larger than that in the normal control group(P=0.043),and there was no significant difference in height(P=0.288).There was no significant difference in age,visual acuity and diopter between the PPVP group and the non-PPVP group(P>0.05).The mean width of PPVP in the contralateral non-IMH group was positively correlated with age(r=0.574,P=0.008),and the mean height of PPVP was negatively correlated with diopter(r=-0.509,P=0.022).4.PVD occurred in both the IMH group and the contralateral non-IMH group.The ages of IMH patients with incomplete PVD and complete PVD were 62.07±7.76 years and 69.60±4.34 years,respectively,and the age of IMH patients with complete PVD was older(P=0.045).Among the three groups with PPVP,there was a significant difference in the occurrence of no PVD and incomplete PVD(P<0.05).The incidence of no PVD was higher in the normal control group,and the incidence of incomplete PVD was higher in the IMH group and the contralateral non-IMH group.5.The incidence of incomplete PVD was higher in patients with PPVP,while the incidence of complete PVD was higher in patients without PPVP,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In this stud y,complete PVD was found in the group without PPVP,while no complete PVD was found in the group with PPVP.6.The incidence of VMT in IMH patients with PPVP was higher than that in IMH patients without PPVP(P=0.018),and significantly higher than that in normal control group with PPVP(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of macular epiretinal membrane in each group(P=0.556,P=0.146).The MHMD and MHBD of patients with PPVP in IMH group were smaller than those without PPVP in IMH group(P=0.007,P=0.019),but there was no significant difference in MHH(P=0.111).The incidence of VMT and macular epiretinal membrane in IMH group with incomplete PVD was higher than that in normal control group(P < 0.001,P < 0.001).MHMD in IMH group with incomplete PVD was less than that in IMH group with complete PVD(P = 0.043),MHH was greater than that in IMH group with complete PVD(P = 0.01),but there was no significant difference in MHBD(P = 0.16).7.The incidence of VMT was higher in the contralateral non-IMH group with PPVP and incomplete PVD than in the control group(P=0.011,P=0.005).There was no significant difference in the incidence of macular membrane between these groups(P>0.05).8.The average SFCT of IMH group,contralateral non-IMH group and normal control group were 204.09±69.70μm,232.85±69.18μm and 300.57±64.07μm,respectively.One-way analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in SFCT among the three groups(P<0.001).The size of SFCT in the three groups: IMH group < contralateral non-IMH group < normal control group.Conclusions:1.PPVP may play a role in the occurrence of PVD and participate in the formation of IMH.2.IMH eyes and contralateral non-IMH eyes have wider PPVP,and the PPVP width increases with age,and the height increases with the increase of myopia.3.In the IMH group,the incidence of incomplete PVD and VMT was higher,the incidence of complete PVD was lower,the MHMD and MHBD were smaller,and the vision was better than that in the IMH group without PPVP.The MHMD of IMH patients with incomplete PVD was smaller and the MHH was higher.4.The size of SFCT in the three groups: IMH group < contralateral non-IMH group < normal control group.The thinning of choroidal thickness may be one of the causes of IMH. |
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