Analysis Of Risk Factors For Lumbar Disc Herniation In Adolescent

Object:Lumbar disc herniation(LDH)is often seen in middle-aged and elderly people,but with the rapid advancement of social science and technology,the onset age of LDH is increasingly younger and younger.Especially in the adolescent population,the incidence is increasing year by year,which has been widely concerned by many clinicians at home and abroad.This study aims to comprehensively analyze related factors of adolescent lumbar disc herniation(ALDH)patients,and identify high-risk factors from it,so as to make correct disease prevention guidance for this population.Methods:From September 2016 to September 2021,adolescent patients with LDH who were able to cooperate with follow-up were retrospectively included in the Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University as the case group.All patients were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Meanwhile,healthy people of the same age group were selected as the control group.We retrospectively collected information on gender,BMI,smoking history,alcohol consumption history,genetic history,sitting type,daily sitting duration,history of low back trauma,scoliosis and daily exercise duration of all participants,and then conducted Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis for these factors to finally determine the risk factors for disease.Results:A total of 208 adolescents were recruited in this study,including 104 in the case group and 104 in the control group.The mean ages of the two groups were 21.06±3.27 years old(11-25 years old)and 21.26±2.23 years old(15-25 years old),respectively.There was no difference between the two groups.The first to use the results of single factor chi-square statistics show that in all the factors into the BMI index > 30 health,first and second class relatives(p <0.001),genetic history(p=0.004),type B of sitting posture(sitting back/ sitting forward bend/ slightly bent forward bend)(p<0.001),Daily sitting time 6 hours or more(p<0.001)and the small of the back scar history has significant difference(p=0.002).In addition,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was carried out for factors with p values < 0.10,and the statistical results also showed that the above included variables were high risk factors for ALDH.Further analysis of the daily sitting time showed a significant increase in risk when sitting for more than six hours a day.Conclusions:BMI index of more than 30,genetic history,sitting posture(sitting back/sitting forward bend/slightly bent forward bend),daily sitting time of more than 6 h,and a history of low back trauma are the high-risk factors for adolescents and young adults with LDH.Therefore,providing them with the proper guidance and education,particularly about the protection of the lower back and the reduction of spinal load,could preventing and reducing LDH effectively.