Clinical And Pathological Features Of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase 1 Expression In Prostate Cancer

Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression level of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1(DGAT1)in prostate cancer(PCa)tissue and to analyze the relationship between the expression of DGAT1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients,in an effort to identify novel and reliable cancer markers and therapeutic targets for patients with PCa.Methods:From April 2011 to March 2020,the patients were diagnosis by pathological biopsy or pathological examination after radical prostatectomy in the Department of Urology,the First Hospital of Jilin University.There were 84 patients included in the PCa group and 23 patients included in the benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)group.All patients included in our study had detailed clinical information.Patients were divided into high-expression(H-score>8.8)and low-expression(H-score≤8.8)groups according to median H-score of all PCa tissues enrolled in the study.The basic clinical data of the included patients,including age,duration of illness,height,weight,history of smoking,history of drinking,history of hypertension,history of diabetes,and body mass index(BMI)were collected.Laboratory parameters including liver function,kidney function,lipid profile,fasting blood glucose(FBG),and prostate specific antigen(PSA)were also gathered.Simultaneously,pathological data of enrolled patients were collected,including tumor T stage,Gleason score(GS),metastasis of lymph node,distant metastasis,nerve invasion and vascular invasion.In order to get the survival information,patients were followed up for 3 years from the date of operation.Validation dataset:Data with clinical characteristics and survival information of PCa were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)gene chip database.The results obtained in this study were further validated.Statistical analysis of the correlation between the expression of DGAT1 and clinical and pathological features was conducted using SPSS 26 and R 4.2.1 software.Spearman rank correlation or Pearson correlation was further used to assess the degree of correlation between DGAT1 expression and each index.The operating characteristic(ROC)curve was utilized to ascertain the DGAT1 cutoff value for forecasting the best sensitivity and specificity of PCa.A further assessment of the optimal Cutoff value for forecasting high-expression of DGAT1 by pertinent index was conducted.To evaluate prognosis,the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used to compare the survival rate of patients with PCa in the high and low DGAT1 expression groups.Finally,the conclusions of our study were validated using clinicopathological and survival information of PCa patients in the TCGA database as a validation set.Results:1.TCGA database revealed a significant distinction in the expression of DGAT1 between PCa tissues and adjacent normal tissues(P<0.05).2.DGAT1 protein was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm,and there was a significant difference in the expression of DGAT1 between PCa tissues and BPH tissues(P<0.0001).3.DGAT1 was highly expressed in people with T stages of T3～T4(P<0.001),GS>7(P=0.021),nerve invasion(P<0.001),and vascular invasion(P<0.001).The TCGA validation set also found that DGAT1 was highly expressed in people with lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).4.The high DGAT1 expression group exhibited a higher concentration of serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),FBG,total prostate specific antigen(TPSA),and free prostate specific antigen(FPSA)than the low expression group(P<0.05).5.Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis showed that GS,albumin(ALB),TC,TG,LDL-C,FBG,TPSA,and FPSA were positively correlated with the expression of DGAT1.6.PCa was confirmed by pathological biopsy as the cut-off point,and ROC curve of blood PSA level and expression degree of DGAT1 in prostate tissues were performed.The results showed that serum PSA level and expression degree of DGAT1 in prostate tissues were both of diagnostic value for PCa,and the expression degree of DGAT1 in tissues was of greater diagnostic value for PCa,the optimal predictive value was 5.8.7.Patients in the high and low DGAT1 expression groups had a 3-year cumulative survival rates of 75.7%and 87.2%respectively,with mean survival times of 33.08 months and34.11 months respectively,with no significant difference between the two group(x~2=1.683,P=0.195).Based on the survival information of PCa patients in TCGA databases,there was no significant correlation between the two groups of DGAT1 expression and overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)of patients with PCa(P>0.05).Conclusion:1.DGAT1 is up-regulated in PCa tissues and has diagnostic value for PCa;2.Adverse pathological features,such as later tumor T stage,higher GS,lymph node metastasis,nerve invasion,and vascular invasion,may be linked to an increase in DGAT1expression,which could be implicated in the progression of PCa;3.Serum TC,TG,LDL-C,FBG,and PSA were positively correlated with the expression of DGAT1 in PCa tissues;4.No significantly link between the expression of DGAT1 and survival rate in PCa patients was observed.