Investigation On The Genotype And Frequency Of HPA1-6,15 Alleles Of Platelet Antigen System In Changchun Population

Objective:Platelets are commonly used in clinical blood products.Recognition or detection of pre transfusion antigens can reduce the risk of allogeneic immunity,facilitate safe blood transfusion,and play an important role in the process of clinical treatment.Previous studies have shown that HPA has significant regional and population differences,so detecting the characteristics of HPA in local populations can effectively improve the safety of platelet-related clinical products.In 1990,the International Committee for the Standardization of Hematology and the International Blood Transfusion Association Symposium on Platelet Serology discussed the international nomenclature of the platelet antigen system,and uniformly named the platelet specific alloantigen HPA(Human Platelet Antigen).To date,a total of 35 platelet isospecific antigens have been specified in immune serology.Among them,12 antigens are listed in6 genetic systems,all of which are biallelic(including HPA1-5,15).In this study,the PCR sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP)method was used to type the alleles of HPA 1-6,15 system in 1004 blood platelets collected from the Blood Transfusion Department of the First Hospital of Jilin University in Changchun City,Jilin Province,to verify the reliability of this method in detecting HPA system genotyping.Subsequently,the gene and genotype frequency were statistically analyzed and compared with other regions.Methods:DNA was extracted from venous whole blood,and 1004 samples were genotyped by HPA1-6,15 system using polymerase chain reaction sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP)method.The products were analyzed by gel electrophoresis,and the allele frequency and genotype frequency were counted and calculated,compared with other regions to see if there was any difference in gene frequency distribution,Whether it exhibits regional or population specificity.Result:1.No homozygous bb phenotype was found in HPA-1,HPA-4,and HPA-6systems,and heterozygous expression was found in all tested systems;In HPA-2 and HPA-5 systems,very few phenotypes are homozygous bb(6 cases;1 case);The expression heterozygosity of HPA-3 and HPA-15 systems is relatively high,with the proportion of HPA-3 genotype aa,ab,and bb being32.1%,49.8%,and 18.1%,and the proportion of HPA-15 genotype aa,ab,and bb being 30.0%,50.4%,and 19.6%.2.Comparing with similar data from other regions at home and abroad,various HPA systems exhibit varying degrees of differences,exhibiting significant racial and regional characteristics.Conclusion:1.It is confirmed that PCR-SSP is the preferred method for HPA antigen detection.2.Among all tested HPA systems,HPA-3 and HPA-15 have the highest degree of heterozygosity and the highest risk of causing platelet alloimmunity,which should be paid attention to.3.Compared with similar data from other regions at home and abroad,the allele frequencies of the HPA1-6,15 system in Changchun population show significant racial and regional characteristics.4.The HPA gene frequency data of the population in Changchun area investigated in this study laid the foundation for establishing the HPA information database in this area.