Preliminary Study Of Serum IL-1β,IL-5 And IL-8 Levels In Frequent Acute Exacerbation Phenotype COPD

Objective:The researchers assessed the levels of IL-1β,IL-5 and IL-8 expression in the serum of COPD patients who frequently have acute exacerbations.The purpose of this study is to learn more about how IL-1β,IL-5 and IL-8 contribute to the onset and clinical diagnosis of COPD.Methods:We selected a total of 70 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)who visited the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of our hospital from December 2021 to November 2022,of whom 54 were men and 16 were women.I enrolled sixteen patients.We measured serum levels of interleukins such as IL-1β,IL-5,and IL-8 by enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA)and collected the general data,clinical symptom scores,and laboratory test indexes of all patients.Based on the amount of time and severity of acute exacerbations in the previous 12 months,we placed patients with AECOPD into two groups: frequent severe plus reorganization(group A)and infrequent severe plus reorganization(group B).(group B).The differences in general data,clinical symptoms,and laboratory findings between the two groups were compared,and the correlation between each interleukin was analyzed by S Pearman rank correlation analysis,the possible risk factors for frequent acute exacerbation phenotype COPD were analyzed by multifactorial logistic regression,and the specificity and sensitivity of interleukins in predicting frequent acute exacerbations in COPD patients were analyzed by ROC curves.Results:(1)The differences in general data such as age,gender,smoking index,body mass index(BMI),use of inhaled drugs and home oxygen therapy,and combined hypertension between groups A and B were not highly significant(P > 0.05),but it there were statistically significant differences in the amount of time of COPD(P <0.05),and the patients in group A had a long medical history.(2)The CAT(COPD assessment test,CAT)score and m MRC(Modified medical research council,m MRC)score of patients in group A were higher than those in group B,and the gaps were highly substantial(P < 0.01).(3)The differences in serum IL-1β,IL-5,and IL-6 levels were statistically significant(P < 0.05),while the differences in IL-8,White Blood Cell(WBC),the absolute value of lymphocyte(LYM),the absolute value of eosinophil(LYM),and the absolute value of eosinophil(LYM)were higher in groups A and B than in group B.the absolute value of eosinophils(EOS),Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio(NLR),Red cell distribution width(RDW),Fibrinogen(FIB),D-diglycerides(D-D),and D-alpha.FIB)and D-dimer(D-D)were not statistically significant(P > 0.05).(4)Correlation analysis showed that IL-8(r=0.348,P<0.05),IL-5(r=0.288,P<0.05),and IL-1β(r=0.325,P<0.05)was weakly positively correlated with IL-6,and the correlations among the remaining interleukins were not statistically significant.(5)IL-5(OR=1.284,95% CI 1.019,1.617,P<0.05)was an independent risk factor for frequent acute exacerbations in COPD patients.(6)ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for IL-1β,IL-5,and IL-6 were 0.643,0.682 and 0.694 respectively,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);the cut-off values for serum IL-1β,IL-5,and IL-6 were 7.260 pg/mL,3.980pg/mL,and 4.955 pg/mL;the sensitivities of the three were 50%,60% and 82.5%,and the specificities were 83.3%,73.3% and 63.3%,respectively.Conclusions:(1)Patients with the frequent acute exacerbation phenotype may have a longer history,more severe clinical symptoms,and higher levels of inflammation than those with the infrequent acute exacerbation phenotype COPD.(2)Serum IL-5 level is an independent risk factor for patients with COPD who frequently have acute exacerbations,and higher serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels are of reference value for identifying frequent acute exacerbation phenotype COPD.(3)IL-1β,IL-5,IL-8,and IL-6 may correlate and jointly promote inflammation,which is associated with COPD disease deterioration.