| Objective : To explore the effect of experiential education based on protection motivation theory on the level of knowledge,attitude and practice in patients with type 2diabetes,and to provide new ideas and reference for disease management in patients with diabetes.Methods:This study is a quasi-experimental study.Using the convenient sampling method,patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in the first and second wards of the Department of Endocrinology of Shaanxi Provincial People ’s Hospital were selected as subjects.They were divided into intervention group and control group by random grouping method.There were 43 cases in each group.The control group received routine health education program,and the endocrinology nurses provided video lectures,picture exhibitions,public number push and other education models for patients.On the basis of the routine health education program,the intervention group implemented an experiential education model based on the protection motivation theory.According to the four stages of the protection motivation theory,the patients were customized for complications experiential education,patient seminars,family seminars and later individual interventions.The control group received routine health education every Monday,Wednesday and Friday,while the intervention group received experiential education based on the theory of protective motivation every Tuesday,Thursday and Saturday.Each education lasted 45 minutes.Both groups achieved integrated and continuous health education from admission to discharge through the division and cooperation of nurses,doctors,patients and their caregivers.The two groups of patients were followed up for 3 months after discharge,and the results of diabetes knowledge measurement,self-efficacy,self-management behavior scale evaluation and glycosylated hemoglobin value were used as outcome indicators.The data of outcome indicators were collected before intervention,immediately after intervention and 3 months after intervention to compare the effect of intervention.The data were collated and analyzed by Excel and SPSS27.0 software.The measurement results were analyzed by t test,chi-square test,rank sum test and repeated measurement analysis of variance.P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results :(1)There was no significant difference in baseline data,glycosylated hemoglobin value,diabetes knowledge score,self-efficacy level composition and self-management behavior score between the two groups before intervention(P > 0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,the glycated hemoglobin value of the intervention group was significantly lower at 3 months after intervention(P < 0.05),and lower than that before intervention(P < 0.05).(3)Repeated measures analysis of variance was performed on the diabetes knowledge score,and it was found that the score was affected by the interaction between time and group(P < 0.05).The scores of diabetes knowledge in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group immediately and 3months after intervention(P < 0.05).Compared with before intervention,the knowledge scores of both intervention group and control group increased immediately after intervention and 3 months after intervention(P < 0.05).(4)Comparison of self-efficacy level between groups,only immediately after intervention,the improvement of self-efficacy level in the intervention group was better than that in the conventional health education model(P < 0.05).Compared within the group,the intervention group was statistically significant at the three time points of intervention(P < 0.05).(5)In terms of self-management,repeated measures analysis of variance was performed on the scores of behavioral diet management,exercise management,and foot care.The scores of diet and exercise management had time and group interaction effects(P < 0.05);the scores of diet and exercise management in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group immediately and 3 months after intervention(P < 0.05).In the intervention group,the scores of diet and exercise management before intervention were lower than those immediately and 3 months after intervention(P < 0.05).Compared with the foot care dimension group,only the foot care dimension scores of the two groups immediately after the intervention were statistically significant(P < 0.05).There were significant differences between the two groups at 3 time points(P < 0.05).The blood glucose monitoring dimension was analyzed by rank sum test.After 3 months of intervention,the blood glucose monitoring scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,but the intervention group was significantly better than the control group(P < 0.05).The blood glucose monitoring scores of the two groups at 3months after intervention were higher than those before intervention(P < 0.05).Conclusion:(1)The experiential health education model of protection motivation theory is more conducive to reducing glycosylated hemoglobin value than the conventional health education model;(2)Both of the two health education models can help diabetic patients effectively master diabetes-related knowledge,but the effect of experiential health education model based on protection motivation theory is more obvious;(3)The level of self-efficacy was intervened by two health education models,with the most obvious improvement immediately after the intervention.(4)Based on the protection motivation theory,the experiential health education model has the most obvious improvement in self-management behavior diet,exercise and blood glucose monitoring. |
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