A Study Of Phonation Air Flow In Patients With OSA

Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)refers to the collapse and obstruction of the upper airway during sleep,resulting in hypopnea and apnea.OSA is a common sleep disorder,which is usually accompanied by snoring and sleep structure disorder at night,leading to a decline in people’s quality of life.They are significantly associated with hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.The gold standard for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea is based on Polysomnography(PSG),which requires multiple electrodes to be connected to the patient’s body to sleep throughout the night,which not only makes it difficult for patients to adapt to sleep,but also is expensive,time-consuming and laborious.Therefore,it is necessary to find a costeffective,convenient and comfortable OSA diagnosis method.OSA is caused by anatomical and functional changes in the upper airway,which can have an impact on the phonological properties of patients with OSA,and speech seems to be a potentially valuable biomarker for sleep disorders.By studying the speech characteristics of OSA patients,we try to find a method for the diagnosis of OSA by Phonetic Aerodynamics analysis.In this study,the speech aerodynamics method was used to group OSA patients according to apnea hypopnea index and obstruction site to discuss the changes in speech resonance parameters,in order to reflect the speech airflow characteristics of OSA patients with different degrees of AHI and retropalatal airway stenosis.Exploring the effective parameters of voice-assisted diagnosis of OSA and determination of the obstructive plane,as a non-invasive,cheap and immediate tool for preliminary screening of potential patients,will further save time and money in the diagnosis and treatment of OSA,and make the progress of OSA diagnosis and treatment technology benefit more people.There are five chapters in this paper.Chapter 1 introduces the research background,research significance,and research status at home and abroad.In Chapter 2,the research method based on voice aerodynamics starts with the introduction of experimental equipment,the acquisition and processing of Phonetic Aerodynamics signals and the introduction of air flow parameters,and explains the characteristics of experimental equipment,the use method,the experimental process and other operational problems,so as to lay the foundation for the next step of specific experimental design.The two experiments in Chapter 3 and 4 are the main body of the thesis.Chapter 3 is the study of speech airflow in OSA patients,which innovates on the basis of the grouping of subjects,explores the auxiliary diagnosis method of nasal airflow changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea,and provides a new direction for clinical determination of different parts of obstruction in different OSA patients.The average nasal flow rate of NV syllables at /m/ was found to be an independent risk factor for retropalatal fall and retropalatal airway stenosis.The area under the ROC curve was 0.920(95%CI:0.860-0.980,p < 0.001),the sensitivity was 0.853,and the specificity was 0.829.The auxiliary diagnosis effect of retropalatal airway stenosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea is the best.Chapter 4 is a speech airflow study in OSA patients,which uses airflow parameters to reflect the shape changes of the resonant cavity caused by multiple parts of the upper airway stenosis in simple snoring(SS)and OSA patients,and then explores the methods for preliminary screening of OSA patients.It has been found that NV syllable nasal flow and nasal flow rate parameters can be used to distinguish primary snoring from OSA,but cannot be used to judge the severity of OSA.Chapter 5 is summary and prospect,summarizing the experimental results of this paper,drawing conclusions with clinical application value,and looking forward to the future experimental direction.