| Purpose:Patients with mild brain injury(mTBI),often the early symptoms are mild,so usually,people think it is a benign and mild disease,and there will be no serious complications.However,a significant proportion of mTBI patients have multiple persistent symptoms,such as difficulty concentrating,emotional regulation,and physical pain,which can last for three months or longer.However,in forensic clinical identification,there is a lack of objective evaluation criteria for these functional disorders,which are largely dominated by the subjective performance of the expert.Electroencephalography(EEG)can solve the above problem to a certain extent,and an objective EEG marker can be found to effectively distinguish the real injury from the camouflaging injury,providing an objective basis for the assessment of cognitive function after mTBI.Methods:According to different sites of a cerebral hemorrhage in mTBI,it can be divided into epidural hematoma(EDH)and subdural hematoma(SDH).We recruited 24 healthy volunteers as the control group(HC).And 19 patients with EDH and 19 patients with SDH were recruited as the experimental group.The EEG data of all subjects were collected using the oddball paradigm across audiovisual channels,and the data were further analyzed through ERP and time-domain traceability analysis.Results:1.The deviation MMN amplitude of the EDH group was greater than that of the HC group,and the deviation MMN component of the EDH group was mainly activated in the superior frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus of the right hemisphere,which was significantly higher than that of the HC group.The overactivation of these two parts indicated that the EDH group was compared with the HC group,which might indicate the overexcitation of the involuntary attention mechanism in patients with traumatic brain injury,namely,difficulty in focusing attention.The deviation MMN amplitude of SDH group was significantly lower than that of HC group,indicating that the degree of functional impairment of relatively severe brain injury may be multiple than that of less severe brain injury in terms of cognitive attention functional integrity.2.The average amplitude of P3b in SDH group was significantly lower than that in EDH group and HC group under the three emotions,and the activation degree of P3a in EDH group was significantly lower than that in HC group,indicating that the attention resources of EDH group were lower than those of HC group,which might be related to the fact that although the imaging was normal after TBI,However,P3b may have potential as an electrophysiological indicator of the degree of traumatic brain injury.3.In the left hemisphere,the deviation MMN amplitude under negative emotions is higher than that under positive emotions,but this effect does not exist in the right hemisphere,which may weaken the titer hypothesis of emotions to some extent;4.The deviation MMN amplitude in neutral emotion was significantly larger than that in positive emotion,and the P3a amplitude in both HC and EDH groups in neutral emotion was higher than that in positive emotion,indicating that visual stimulation in positive emotion would occupy more attention resources than that in neutral emotion.Thus,the attention resources devoted to auditory differential stimuli are correspondingly reduced.Conclusion:(1)It is concluded that P3b may be a potential electrophysiological indicator of the degree of traumatic brain injury.(2)In the absence of significant clinical manifestations,patients with traumatic brain injury may also be overexcited by involuntary attentional mechanisms.(3)Patients with more severe brain injury may have double the level of impairment in cognitive attention integrity than those with less severe brain injury.(4)Positive emotions take up more attention resources than neutral emotions. |
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