A Study On The Current Situation And Influencing Factors Of Pregnant Women’s Body Image

Background:Pregnancy is a special period for women.In order to meet the needs of fetal growth and development,the body of pregnant women will undergo a series of adaptive anatomical and physiological changes,which directly conflicts with the social ideal of sexual body appearance.In addition to the upcoming change of women’s social roles,women’s cognition and emotions will also change,which is more likely to produce contradictory psychology and thus form negative body images.Some studies have shown that negative body image not only seriously affects the physical and mental health of pregnant women,causing them to have anxiety and inferiority complex,but also reduces the degree of family harmony,affects the relationship between husband and wife,reduces the quality of life of pregnant women,and thus affects the health of mother and baby.However,no one has paid attention to this issue in China,so it is necessary to understand the body image experience of pregnant women during pregnancy,explore the factors that affect the body image of pregnant women,and provide reference for the follow-up development of intervention measures against negative body image of pregnant women.Objective:(1)To describe the status of body image of pregnant women;(2)To explore the influencing factors related to the body image of pregnant women.Methods:(1)In the first stage,17 pregnant women from the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fengtai District,Beijing were selected as the interviewees by objective sampling method from January 2022 to March 2022.The data were analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method.To explore the influencing factors of pregnant women’s body image.(2)In the second stage,the convenience sampling method was used to select women in the third trimester of pregnancy who established perinatal archives in Beijing Union Medical College Hospital from March 2021 to September 2022 as the research object.The self-made general data questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Body Image Scale for Pregnant Women(BIPS),the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ)were used to collect the required data and explore the status quo and influencing factors of the body image of pregnant women.Spss 25.0 was used to analyze the collected data.Results:(1)The total score of body image of pregnant women was 97.78±15.57.The scores of the nine dimensions of the scale were:dissatisfaction with body parts 19.80±5.29,physical strength 12.18±4.06,physical attention 12.82±3.34,facial features 10.13±2.93,attractiveness to the opposite sex 11.18± 1.90,weight control due to appearance 6.49± 1.71,appearance superior to body function 9.66±2.18,dissatisfaction with physiological changes during pregnancy 5.19± 1.81,and appearance-related avoidance behavior 5.77± 1.87.(2)Pregnant women’s weight gain,birth times,family support were significantly correlated with their body image scores(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that weight gain during pregnancy(β=0.691,P<0.01),parity(β=-6.819,P<0.05),family support(β=-0.804,P<0.05)is the influencing factor of pregnant women’s body image.(3)The total score of body image of pregnant women was significantly correlated with the weight gain during pregnancy(r=0.240)and the score of family support(r=-0.183),and there was a significant positive correlation with the weight gain during pregnancy(P<0.01).The more weight gain during pregnancy,the higher the score of body image and the lower the level of body image;There was a significant negative correlation with the score of family support(P<0.05).The higher the score of family support,the lower the score of body image and the higher the level of body image.There was no significant correlation between body image score of pregnant women and parity(P>0.05).Conclusion:(1)The body image of pregnant women in this study is at the middle level,and there is a certain risk of body image imbalance,which needs to be given some attention in clinical practice.(2)The total score of body image of pregnant women is affected by weight gain during pregnancy,birth times and family support.There is a significant positive correlation between weight gain during pregnancy and body image,that is,the greater the weight gain during pregnancy,the higher the score of body image of pregnant women,and the lower the level of body image.Attention should be paid to the management of pregnant women’s weight during pregnancy.