Correlation Analysis Between Retinal Vascular Morphology And Hypertension

Purpose:To explore the relationship between retinal arteriovenous diameter,arteriovenous curvature,arteriovenous fractal dimension,arteriovenous branching angle and hypertension.It lays a foundation for predicting various systemic chronic diseases with fundus images.Methods:From August 15 th,2021 to August 15 th,2022,20-80-year-old patients were selected from the internal medicine inpatient department of Tiemei General Hospital of Liaoning Health Industry Group in Tieling City,Liaoning Province.The arteries and veins on the temporal side of retina in all patients’ right eyes were selected as the research objects.Fundus images are taken by professionally trained medical staff,then the images are checked and the qualified images are stored.Then the retinal vascular morphological information extraction tool independently developed by He Eye Specialist Hospital was used to extract and measure the diameter,curvature,branch angle and fractal dimension of the superior temporal artery and vein of the patient’s fundus.Using stata16.0 as statistical software,the univariate analysis was carried out with T test,and the logistic regression model was established.To analyze the correlation between retinal vascular morphology and hypertension.Results:A total of 368 patients were included in this study,with an average age of 58.198.91 years,including 196 males and 172 females.202 patients with hypertension and166 controls;84 people have a history of smoking and 284 people have no history of smoking;67 people have a history of drinking,301 people have no history of drinking;58 patients had cerebral infarction and 310 patients had no cerebral infarction.149 people have coronary heart disease,and 219 people have no coronary heart disease;79people have diabetes and 289 people have no diabetes.Participants were divided into hypertensive group and healthy control group.In hypertensive group,the average retinal artery diameter was 14.56 1.82,the average vein diameter was 22.34 2.99,the average arterial branch angle was 74.67 15.90,the average venous branch angle was 72.98 14.32,the average fractal dimension was 1.32 0.04,and the median arterial curvature was 2.In the healthy control group,the average retinal artery diameter was 15.40 1.83,the average vein diameter was 22.70 2.91,the average arterial branch angle was 75.5413.97,the average venous branch angle was 71.70 13.75,the average fractal dimension was 1.33 0.04,the median arterial curvature was 1.85,and the median venous curvature was 3.21.The results showed that there was a correlation between arterial diameter and hypertension(OR=0.815,P < 0.01),and the risk of hypertension would be reduced by18.5% for each unit(pixel)of fundus artery diameter.There was no correlation between vein diameter and hypertension(P > 0.05).There is a correlation between arterial curvature and hypertension(OR=1.102,P < 0.05).The risk of hypertension will increase by 10.2% if the curvature of fundus artery increases by 1.There is a correlation between vein curvature and hypertension(OR=1.109,P < 0.05).Every increase of fundus vein curvature by 1 will increase the risk of hypertension by 10.9%.There was no correlation between arterial branch angle and hypertension(P > 0.05).There was no correlation between venous bifurcation angle and hypertension(P > 0.05).There is a correlation between fractal dimension and hypertension(OR=0.0000659,P < 0.01).The risk of hypertension will increase by 10% if the fractal dimension of fundus decreases by 0.001.Conclusion:This study found that retinal artery diameter and fractal dimension are related to hypertension.The lower these two parameters,the higher the probability of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension,and the higher the curvature of retinal artery and vein,the greater the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension.There is no correlation between retinal vein diameter and arteriovenous branch angle and hypertension.