Investigation On The Current Situation Of Self-care Ability Of Adolescent Students With Hearing Impairment And Construction Of Health Education Program

Objective:1.To investigate the current situation of self-care ability of hearing impaired students,analyze the influencing factors of self-care ability of hearing impaired students,and provide reference for the construction of self-care health education program for hearing impaired students;2.Build a self-care health education program for hearing impaired students,provide new ideas for medical staff in schools for the disabled,provide theoretical basis for the later development of health education programs for such groups,and improve the pertinence and feasibility of health education programs.Methods:Students with hearing impairment who meet the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling method,and the self-designed general information questionnaire,the Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale(ESCA),and the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)were used for questionnaire survey.To analyze the current situation of self-care ability of hearing impaired students,and analyze the relevant factors affecting self-care ability of hearing impaired students by multiple linear regression.Summarize the form and content of health education for hearing impaired students at home and abroad through literature review,Collect the suggestions and ideas of hearing impaired students,medical experts,special education experts and head teachers of deaf students on health education through semi-structured interviews,Based on the previous research results,the self-care health education program for hearing impaired students was constructed,and the final content of the program was determined by Delphi expert inquiry method.Results:1.The cross-sectional survey showed that the ESC A score of 118 students with hearing impairment ranged from 48 to 153(101.66±20.64)points,and the PSSS score ranged from 29 to 81(57.90±10.23)points.The total score of PSSS and the scores of each dimension were highly positively correlated with the total score of ESCA and the scores of the four dimensions(r=0.470,P<0.05).General school experience(t=-3.043,P<0.01),time of hearing impairment(t=-2.231,P<0.05),place of household registration(t=-4.956,P<0.01),hearing status of parents(t=-2.326,P<0.05),communication mode with parents(t=-3.575,P<0.01),family economic situation(t=2.394,P<0.05)and perceived social support level(t=2.030,P<0.05)were the important factors affecting the level of self-care ability of students with hearing impairment.2.The initial content of the self-care health education program for students with hearing impairment was constructed through literature search and semi-structured interviews,and the program was revised after two rounds of expert correspondence.15 experts participated in the expert correspondence,and the effective recall rate was 100%in both rounds.12 experts gave constructive opinions,and the coefficient of judgment basis of experts in both rounds was 0.87,the familiarity was 0.847,and the authority coefficient of consulting experts Kendall’s W was 0.249 and 0.284 after the two rounds of consultation,respectively,and the results were statistically different(P<0.001).The final health education program consisted of 20 entries in 6 modules.The six modules of the self-care health education program for students with hearing impairment were:correct understanding of health;oral care instruction for caries prevention;care instruction for safe medication administration;self-treatment instruction for minor burns and cuts,stabs,scrapes,and contusions;self-physical health care instruction for adolescence;reproductive health education.Videos,animations,cases and simulation exercises are used to help students with hearing impairment acquire systematic,comprehensive and scientific health knowledge,attitudes and skills.Conclusion:1.The self-care ability of hearing impaired students is generally at the middle level;2.The self-care ability of hearing impaired students was positively correlated with perceived social support;3.The place of residence,the time of hearing loss,the experience of studying in common schools,the hearing of parents,the communication with parents and the family economy are the important factors affecting the self-care ability of students with hearing impairment;4.The self-care health education program for students with hearing impairment constructed in this study is reliable by statistical analysis of the correspondence results,and can provide reference and reference for health education for students with hearing impairment.