| Objective: EEG microstate analysis method was used to explore the dynamic changes of neural oscillations in patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction(LAACI)during resting state and sleeping stages,to deepen the understanding of the changes of cerebral network after cerebral infarction.Methods: Patients diagnosed with acute large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in Luzhou People’s Hospital from January 2019 to May 2021 were included in this study,and patients meeting the diagnostic criteria were selected as the case group.At the same time,age and gender matched physical examination subjects were selected as healthy control group.The specific steps are as follows: 1.Collected clinical data and evaluated NIHSS,ADL and m RS scales.2.Eeg data collection: 3-hour,19-channel video-EEG examination was performed in both the patient group and the healthy control group.3.After preprocessing the EEG data,we recorded 20 2-s sleep spindles and five 10-s resting EEG epochs for each patient.4.LORETA-KEY software was used for microstate analysis of EEG data,and the global field power(GFP)of EEG signal was divided into microstates by clustering analysis.5.Source location analysis of EEG data: reverse e LORETA(Exact LORETA)method of LORETA Key software was used to reverse transform each microstate and obtain e LORETA files of each microstate for source location analysis.6.Correlation analysis: Using age and gender of each group as covariables,partial correlation analysis was used to conduct statistical analysis on the scores of the three clinical scales of NIHSS,ADL and m RS of each group and the microstate parameters of EEG in the resting state and sleep spindle stage.Results: Patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction showed changes in EEG microstates in both resting state and sleep spindle state.1.In the resting state,the parameters of Ms A regarding coverage(P<0.001),occurrence(P<0.01)and duration increased(P<0.001),coverage(P<0.01)and occurrence(P<0.05)of Ms B decreased,the coverage(P<0.05)and occurrence(P<0.05)of Ms D decreased.The microstate transition rate in the patient group changed significantly,and the probability from Ms A to Ms B was increased in the patient group(P<0.001),the transition probability from Ms A to Ms C and Ms D decreased(P<0.05),the probability of transition from Ms C to Ms A increased(P<0.01),the probability of transition from Ms C to Ms D decreased(P<0.001),the probability of transition from Ms D to Ms A increased(P<0.01),the probability of transition from Ms D to Ms B decreased(P<0.01).2.In the sleep spindle state,changes occurred mainly in Ms A and Ms B,and the duration of Ms A was shortened in the patient group compared with the healthy control group(P<0.05),the coverage of Ms B increased(P<0.05),the temporal dynamics of Ms C and Ms D between the two groups had no statistical significance;the probability of transition from Ms A to Ms C decreased(P<0.05),the probability of transition from Ms B to Ms C decreased(P<0.05),the probability of transition from Ms B to Ms D increased(P<0.05).3.Source localization of microstates,in the resting state,Ms A to Ms D was sequentially located in the anterior cingulate(BA25),anterior cingulate(BA25),paracentral lobule(BA31)and frontal lobe(BA6)in the patient group,and in the anterior cingulate(BA24),superior frontal gyrus(BA8),cingulate gyrus(BA31),and cuneus(BA19)in the healthy control group.In the sleep spindle state,Ms A to Ms D was sequentially located in the paracentral lobule(BA31),paracentral lobule(BA31),anterior cingulate(BA32)and superior frontal gyrus(BA8)in the patient group,and in the cingulate gyrus(BA31),cingulate gyrus(BA31),anterior cingulate(BA32)and superior frontal gyrus(BA8)in the healthy control group.4.Correlation analysis showed that in the resting state the coverage rate and occurrence frequency of Ms A in patients with cerebral infarction were positively correlated with ADL,while the coverage rate and duration were negatively correlated with m RS.the probability of transition from Ms A to Ms D was positively correlated with ADL.Other microstate parameters had no significant correlation with NIHSS,ADL and m RS.In the sleep spindle stage,the coverage,frequency and duration of Ms A in patients with cerebral infarction were negatively correlated with NIHSS and positively correlated with ADL.The duration of Ms A was negatively correlated with m RS.the probability of transition from Ms B to Ms D was positively correlated with ADL.No significant correlation was found between the transitions of other microstates.Conclusion: Through electroencephalogram microstate analysis,it was confirmed that there were changes of neural oscillations mode in both resting state and sleeping state in patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction.In the resting state,the parameters of microstates A,B and D were mainly changed,while in the sleep spindle state,the parameters of microstates A and B were mainly changed.These dynamic changes can be associated with clinical features and functional rehabilitation after cerebral infarction,providing new ideas for further research. |
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