Spatial Performance Evaluation And Optimization Of Urban Healthcare Facilities At Block Scale

As an important livelihood security facility,healthcare facilities are an important part of the city’s high-quality development.Under the trend of social justice,whether urban healthcare facilities can meet the needs of residents has become the core issue of current research.The spatial performance evaluation of healthcare facilities at the micro-block scale is of great significance for urban refined management and inclusive development.Based on multisource data,this study comprehensively uses the kernel density analysis method,the elderly population density index method,the Ga2 SFCA,and the bivariate spatial autocorrelation method,construct a block-scale spatial performance evaluation model of health care facilities,and explore the satisfaction of urban healthcare facilities for residents’ well-being.Firstly,systematically sort out the spatial distribution characteristics of healthcare facilities in Xi’an.Secondly,explore the spatial distribution characteristics of the population and the spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities at all levels at the block scale.On this basis,evaluate health care facilities whether meet the residents’ well-being,and analyze the reasons for the formation of the spatial performance pattern of healthcare facilities.Finally,suitable optimization strategies are proposed to provide theoretical guidance for the optimization of facility space layout and the improvement of residents’ well-being.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The spatial distribution of urban healthcare facilities has obvious characteristics of circle decreasing,spatial agglomeration and distribution bias.In terms of the decrease of the circle layer,the density of healthcare facilities gradually decreases from the bell tower as the center outward,and the closer to the city center.In terms of spatial agglomeration,facilities show "core area + block distribution" in space,and the spatial distribution of healthcare facilities at all levels has grade difference,among which tertiary hospitals have the strongest centrality,and community health service stations have the weakest centrality and the most extensive spatial distribution.In terms of distribution bias,the number of healthcare facilities in the south is higher than that in the north,and the overall trend is "northeast to southwest".(2)The spatial performance of healthcare facilities in Xi’an has obvious characteristics of circle and level differences.Based on the spatial performance evaluation model of healthcare facilities,with the help of Baidu heat map to measure the spatial distribution of the population through the population density index firstly.It is found that the elderly population has the characteristics of core-periphery,multi-core,and distribution along traffic arteries.Secondly,the accessibility of healthcare facilities is analyzed through Ga2 SFCA,and it is found that the accessibility of healthcare facilities has spatial heterogeneity and level difference,and the overall accessibility in the south is better than that in the north.With the decrease of the level of facilities,the heterogeneity of facilities accessibility gradually weakened and the homogeneity gradually increased.Finally,the spatial performance of healthcare facilities is evaluated through bivariate spatial autocorrelation,and it was found that the evaluation results showed a circle-level distribution pattern of "reasonable allocation HH-lagging allocation LH-advanced allocation HL-reasonable allocation LL" from the urban core to the urban periphery.The spatial performance evaluation of tertiary hospitals,secondary hospitals and primary healthcare institutions showed the layout characteristics of circular layer,radial type and mosaic type respectively.Policy,population,land resources,urban development,facility accessibility and other factors have an important impact on the spatial performance of healthcare facilities.(3)The optimization of facility space layout adheres to strategies of space classification and facility classification.Spatial classification focuses on urban mismatched spaces.For L-H space,urban renewal should be carried out to relieve the population of old urban areas,adhere to social justice to supplement the shortcomings of old community facilities and improve the service capacity of healthcare facilities;for H-L space,attention should be paid to scientific and reasonable prediction of the future development trend of population and actively accept the population in the old urban areas to reduce the waste of healthcare resources.Differentiated suggestions are put forward for healthcare facilities at all levels to optimize the layout of healthcare facilities.Including maintaining the existing service capacity,increasing large-scale healthcare facilities in the periphery of the city,adding primary healthcare institutions in urban central area,appropriately upgrading the level of healthcare facilities to expand service capacity and improve the quality of medical services.