| The geoherbalism of Chinese crude drug is a summary of experience in evaluating the quality of traditional Chinese medicines,and it is a criterion for judging the quality of traditional Chinese medicines obtained through long-term practice.As a key indicator for the authenticity evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine,the authentic character is of great significance in the quality identification of traditional Chinese medicine.It is particularly important to use scientific means and methods to explain the scientific nature of authentic characters,and to explain the scientific connotation of authentic characters.In this study,the traditional Chinese medicine Ziziphi Spinosae Semen was taken as the research object,samples from different representative producing areas were collected,different trait indicators were quantitatively measured,the contents of the indicators were determined,and a variety of statistical methods were used to judge the correlation between different traits and ingredients.The scientific connotation of the authentic properties of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,and the quality evaluation system based on "apparent properties-active components" was discussed.The main results of this study are as follows:1.The medicinal properties(horizontal diameter,longitudinal diameter,thickness,area,weight,kernel type index and color)of 22 batches of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen were measured,and it was found that there were generally significant differences in the properties of different Ziziphi Spinosae Semen.There is a close relationship between the medicinal properties of ren.(1)The distribution range of transverse diameter of 22 batches of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen was 4.03-6.13 mm;the distribution range of longitudinal diameter was 4.76-7.24 mm;the distribution range of thickness was 2.33-3.21 mm;the distribution range of weight was0.1332-0.6638 g;The indices are concentrated in the range of 1.1 to 1.3,all of which are oval;most of the colors are purple-red or purple-brown,and a few are more orange.(2)After the correlation analysis of the properties of various medicinal materials of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,it was found that there was a significant positive correlation between the properties,that is,the horizontal diameter,longitudinal diameter,area,thickness,weight,kernel index and other indicators of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen had similar trends.(3)According to the comprehensive score of principal component analysis,4 batches of the top 5 samples were from Hebei region,indicating that most of the kernels in Hebei production region maintain the excellent characters of large,plump,purple-brown color;Xinjiang samples also have excellent characteristics.Large and plump,it is very similar to Ziziphi Spinosae Semen of Hebei,indicating that Xinjiang can be used as a potential production area of high-quality Ziziphi Spinosae Semen;in addition,Tianjin Jinghai artificially cultivated samples ranked seventh in the comprehensive score,providing a theory for artificial planting production to replace wild resources in accordance with.2.The content of total flavonoids,total saponins and total polysaccharides in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen was determined by colorimetry,and it was found that the content of total flavonoids in 22 batches of jujube seeds was between 0.123% and 0.423%.Most of them are above 0.300%;the content of total saponins is in the range of 3.450% to 9.868%,and the samples from Shanxi and Xinjiang are more prominent;the content of total polysaccharides is in the range of 0.529% to 1.064%.The highest content may be related to its special growing environment.3.The simultaneous determination of spinosin,Jujuboside A,6’’’-feruloylspinosin,Jujuboside B,isovitexin glucoside and betulinic acid was established by high performance liquid chromatography.The determination method was used to determine the content of various medicinal components in 22 batches of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen;and the HPLC fingerprint of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen(204 nm,335 nm)was constructed.(1)There were significant differences in the content of the medicinal components among different samples.Taking the pharmacopeia index components as an example,the contents of spinosin and Jujuboside A in the samples of Xingtai,Hebei Province were relatively high,up to 2.476 mg/g and 1.130 mg/g,respectively.The content of spinosin in Xinjiang samples was1.268 mg/g,and the content of Jujuboside A was 0.536 mg/g,which were higher than the standard of pharmacopoeia.Tianjin Jinghai sample,the content of spinosin can reach 1.508mg/g,the content of Jujuboside A can reach 1.062 mg/g,and the characteristics are outstanding,which proves that artificial planting can ensure the accumulation of its excellent characteristics and effective components.(3)The similarity of the 204 nm fingerprint samples ranged from 0.274 to 0.957,indicating that the overall composition(saponins,flavonoids,etc.)of several batches of jujube kernels showed great differences;the 335 nm fingerprint samples of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen samples were similar The degree range is 0.606～0.998,and is basically concentrated above0.900,indicating that different jujube kernel samples have highly consistent flavonoid composition characteristics.4.Combined with correlation analysis for preliminary screening,it was found that there was a significant positive correlation between transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter,area,weight and spinosin,6’’’-feruloylspinosin;There was a significant positive correlation between Jujuboside A;there was a significant negative correlation between color,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and Jujuboside B.Using the regression equation to make further predictions,it is found that the area is the main character reflecting spinosin.and the content of Jujuboside A,that is,the larger the longitudinal diameter,the higher the content of 6’’’-feruloylspinoside;the longitudinal diameter,color and weight may reflect the content of Jujuboside B,and the heavier it is found The higher the content of Jujuboside B,the darker the color and the longer the longitudinal diameter,the lower the content of Jujuboside B.Combined with the analysis method of clustering-partial least squares,the four main medicinal components(spinoside,6’’’-feruloylspinoside,Jujuboside A and Jujuboside B)were classified,and a large number of The contents of spinosin,feruloyl spinosin and Jujuboside A were higher in samples with,full and color darkness. |
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