Study On The Poverty Reduction Effect Of The New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance System

In the context of comprehensive poverty alleviation in China,effectively consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and strengthening the construction of a long-term mechanism for poverty prevention have become the focus of the current rural anti-poverty work.A large number of studies show that disease is still the most important poverty risk factor in rural areas of China,so it is necessary to establish an effective medical security mechanism to prevent poverty caused and return to poverty due to illness,so as to enhance the ability of rural residents to cope with the impact of disease risk.This needs from the level of policy evaluation,the new rural cooperative medical insurance system(combined with medical insurance for urban and rural residents)poverty reduction effect of measure and analysis,test new farming and system in prevent and alleviate disease risk to rural residents poverty impact,and then provide experience reference for the government’s scientific decision-making.In this paper,the research hypothesis is established through theoretical deduction,using the panel data of Chinese family tracking survey(CFPS)in 2016 and 2018,constructed mixed OLS model with catastrophic health expenditure,response of poverty and annual income of rural residents as the dependent variable,explored the actual poverty reduction effect of the new rural cooperative medical insurance system,and analyzed the heterogeneity of health insurance poverty reduction effect among different groups.In order to avoid the estimation bias of the actual poverty reduction effect of the new rural cooperative medical care system caused by the sample selfselection problem(Sample Selection)of medical insurance participation,the paper also tested the robustness of the empirical results by constructing the propensity score matching(Propensity Score Matching)model.Empirical research got the conclusion as follows: first,the new rural cooperative medical insurance system on the occurrence of farmers catastrophic health expenditure has significant negative impact,ginseng protect rural residents compared to the uninsured catastrophic health expenditure is 1.62% lower,the new farming system can to a certain extent,alleviate poverty phenomenon due to disease.Second,the new rural cooperative medical insurance system has a significant positive impact on curbing the occurrence of poverty.The empirical results show that the insurance participation can reduce the probability of poverty occurrence among rural residents by 6.77 percentage points.The results of the regression analysis based on residents’ annual income as the explained variable also further confirm the effectiveness of the current system in poverty reduction and prevention.The above two conclusions show that the new rural cooperative medical insurance system has a positive role in dispersing the disease risk of the insured people and guaranteeing their income.Third,the poverty reduction efficiency of the new rural cooperative medical insurance system is obviously heterogeneous among different groups.For example,the new rural cooperative medical care system is more effective in the central and western regions than in the eastern regions,and more effective for the older people than for the younger people.As the elderly and rural residents in the central and western regions theoretically have higher risks of poverty,the higher poverty reduction efficiency of the new rural cooperative medical insurance system for this category of population reflects its certain "poverty-related" characteristics.The results also showed that rural residents who choose primary hospitals will also enjoy a high efficiency of poverty reduction by medical insurance.Based on the analysis of the poverty reduction mechanism and the empirical results of the new rural cooperative medical insurance system,the following suggestions are proposed to further optimize the poverty reduction effectiveness of the rural medical security system.First,to clarify the poverty reduction function orientation of the new rural cooperative medical care system,and to expand the actual efficiency of its income redistribution and transfer payments to the poor insured.Second,optimize the construction of rural medical security system and enhance the degree of refinement of the existing system.Third,we will strive to improve the service capacity of rural primary medical institutions,and strengthen the service performance of the main positions of utilizing medical services for poor farmers.Fourth,develop a supplementary medical security system,build a multi-level medical security model,and improve the thickness of the system for preventing and defusing disease risks.