An Analysis Of The Legal Mechanism Of The International Allocation Of Pandemic Vaccines Under The COVID-19 Pandemic

With the development of science and technology and the progress of economy,the process of globalization has been accelerating and promoted the globalization of pandemic.The pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)has been going on for two years,but it has not been effectively controlled.The Omicrom is more contagious than before.Vaccines,as the most important anti-epidemic materials in the world,still have many loopholes in their international allocation.The international regulation of infectious diseases in the International Health Regulations(2005)mostly lies in the implementation of monitoring and notification obligations of member states.Other international treaties also lack specific provisions for international public health cooperation.Existing International Law does not clearly stipulate the international cooperative distribution of vaccines.By analyzing the World Health Organization’s "Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Framework for Sharing Influenza Viruses and Access to Vaccines and Other Benefits","Global Access to COVID-19 Vaccines"(COVAX)It can be seen from the two framework mechanisms for international cooperation and allocation of vaccines that there are still some shortcomings in the current framework for international cooperation and allocation of vaccines for pandemic vaccines: There are still some flaws in the current framework for the international allocation of vaccines for global pandemic: 1.the lack of legal provisions directly related to the international allocation of vaccines for global pandemic;2.the existing international cooperation and distribution model of pandemic vaccine is unreasonable;3.the transfer method of infectious disease vaccine patent technology is unreasonable;4.the acquisition method of infectious disease vaccines is unreasonable.Therefore,for the improvement of the legal mechanism for the international cooperation and distribution of global pandemic vaccines,the author puts forward the following suggestions: 1.to promote the revision of relevant laws;2.Promote the establishment of a legal mechanism for the international cooperation and distribution of pandemic vaccines.The legal mechanism can be reached through multilateral agreements,mainly including the global pandemic infectious disease virus sharing and benefit sharing mechanism,the vaccine acquisition mechanism,the vaccine distribution mechanism model,the vaccine distribution mechanism,and the vaccine technology transfer agreement.In addition to the main agreement of the multilateral agreement on the international allocation of vaccines for global pandemic,various subagreements should also be set up,including the global pandemic infectious disease virus benefit-sharing mechanism signed by vaccine manufacturers and WHO,The global pandemic vaccine patent technology transfer agreement signed between vaccine manufacturers and participating countries,etc.