Analysis On Trends And Disparities Of Three Types Of Health Insurance With Heart Disease Patients In China

Divisiveness in Chinese social health insurance plans have been identified as a key element in inequitable healthcare utilization.China has responded by launching a number of health-care service programs and insurance systems aimed at increasing health-care consumption.The purpose of this study was to look at trends and discrepancies in healthcare usage in China,both between and within health insurance plans.We used longitudinal data of three waves 2009,2011,and 2015,a nationwide survey.Patients with heart disease were chosen to measure healthcare utilization and underutilization by health insurances.We investigated the three major insurance schemes in China and their association and variation across health care service utilization,demographic characteristics,and three major cities and nine provinces of heart patients.Descriptive statistics,Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum tests,likelihood ratio Chi2 tests,Levene’s test of equal variance,and binary logistic regression were used.This study shows that 96.63% were insured,where NCMI has the highest frequency of276(42.20%),UEBMI 204(31.19%),and URBMI(23.24%)has the lowest frequency of the sample with 152 heart patients.For the health care services type,only UEBMI showed a significant deviation with a p-value less than 0.05.There was significant deviation in all three insurance schemes across the types of hospitals/clinics where heart patients visited for treatment as P values is less than 0.05.UEBMI and NCMI were comparatively more effective and more utilized insurance schemes compared to URBMI.Overall,the URBMI scheme was found to have an unequal distribution compared to other insurance schemes.A significant difference in insurance distribution was found across hospitals/clinics and provinces.More uninsured heart patients acquired health care services from village clinics,town family hospitals,and county hospitals.Employment status showed no significant variation in UEBMI and NCMI,but there was significant variation in URBMI.The difference in uninsured and insured patients was lower in NCMI between employed and unemployed.Effective planning is recommended to increase the coverage of insurance for urban residents battling with heart diseases.