| Objective:Based on the understanding of the overall situation of social isolation,depression,pet attachment and health promoting lifestyle of the elderly with pets,this study explored whether social isolation has an impact on the health promoting lifestyle of the elderly,and analyzed whether depression and pet attachment can play a mediating and regulating role respectively,based on the above analysis,suggestions and strategies are put forward to promote the health promoting lifestyle.Methods:This study used a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to conduct a crosssectional survey of the elderly who kept pets in Shanxi Province.A total of 900 questionnaires were distributed,857 of which were valid,and the effective recovery rate was95.22%.A cross-sectional survey of 857 elderly with pets in Shanxi Province was conducted by multi-stage stratified random sampling,Lubben Social Network Scale(LSNS-6),Depression Anxiety Stress Scale(DASS-D),Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale(LAPS)and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-Chinese Elderly(HPLP-CE)were applied.T-test,analysis of variance and nonparametric test were used to analyze the differences of four main variables in demographic factors.Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the four main variables.The PROCESS of SPSS was used to analyze the mediation and moderating effects.Results:1.In this survey,the average score of social isolation of pet owners was(14.42±5.67),the median score of depression was(7.00(1.00,14.00)),the average score of pet attachment was(39.49±10.84),and the average score of health promoting lifestyle was(99.67±17.56).2.The results of variance analysis showed that there were significant differences in health promoting lifestyle scores of pet owners with different age,education level,residence and per capita family monthly income(P<0.05).3.The results of correlation analysis showed that social isolation,depression and health promoting lifestyle were correlated(P<0.05),and pet attachment was significantly correlated with health promoting lifestyle(P<0.05).4.The results of the mediation effect teat showed that the total effect of social isolation on health promoting lifestyle was-0.21,the direct effect was-0.18,and the indirect effect of depression between social isolation and health promoting lifestyle was-0.03,depression as a mediator between social isolation and health promoting lifestyle was proved,and the proportion of mediating effect was 14.29%.5.The results of the moderating effect test showed that the interaction between social isolation and pet attachment had a significant predictive effect on health promoting lifestyle(β=-0.07,P<0.01,95%CI=[-0.13,-0.02]).Specifically,for the elderly with lower pet attachment level(M-1SD),the negative predictive effect of social isolation on health promoting lifestyle was weak(β=-0.15,P<0.05,95%CI=[-0.19,-0.11]).For the elderly with higher pet attachment level(M+1SD),social isolation had a strong negative predictive effect on health promoting lifestyle(β=-0.22,P<0.05,95%CI=[-0.26,-0.18]),which proved that pet attachment was a moderator between social isolation and health promoting lifestyle.From the perspective of sub-dimensions,the moderating effect of pet attachment only worked in the three dimensions of self-actualization,health responsibility and vitality in the health promoting lifestyle.Conclusions:The social isolation and health promoting lifestyle of the elderly with pets were at a medium level,the depression was at a low level,and the pet attachment was at a moderately high level.After controlled for demographic factors,social isolation had a negative impact on health promoting lifestyle,depression played a mediating role in the relationship,pet attachment played a moderating role,and excessive pet attachment levels aggravated the negative impact of social isolation on health promoting lifestyle.From the sub-dimension of health promoting lifestyle,excessive pet attachment levels mainly aggravated the negative impact of social isolation on self-realization,health responsibility and vitality. |
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