Application Of Health Education Based On PERMA Theory In Self-management Of Middle-aged And Young Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Objective:Qualitative research was used to explore the negative experience of selfmanagement in young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes,aim to provide a basis for future.Refer to qualitative results and happiness theory,formulate health education program and apply it to the self-management of young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes;A scale was used to evaluate the effects of health education program based on PERMA theory on perceived stress,self-efficacy,self-management behavior,FBG,PBG,BMI,Hb Alc in middle-aged and young patients with type 2diabetes mellitus.Methods:Part I: Young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes who met the criteria of admission and saw a doctor in the endocrinology Department of a Grade A hospital in Taiyuan city,Shanxi Province from October to February 2021 were selected as interview subjects by purpose sampling.According to semi-structured interview,NVivo 10.0,Colaizzi seven-step analysis collected and analyzed data to understand the negative self-management experience of patients.Part II: 80 patients with type 2 diabetes which middle-aged and young who were hospitalized in the endocrinology department of a class a hospital in Taiyuan city from March to November 2021,according to selected research objects which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The control group received conventional education,the experimental group received PERMA theory on the basis of conventional.and the intervention time was 8 weeks.By using the CPSS,SED,2-DSCS,PBG,BMI,FBG,and Hb Alc before the intervention,intervention after a month,intervention after three months to assess,compare two groups of patients.SPSS23.0 was used for dispose and analysis of data.The mean and standard deviation were used for statistical description of measurement data was suited to normal distribution,statistical description of counting data was suited for frequency and percentage.Statistical methods such as T test and repeated measurement ANOVA were mainly adopted.α=0.05,P<0.05 indicated that the difference was significant on statistics.Results:Part I:After data analysis,the negative self-management experience of young and middle-aged type II diabetes patients can be summarized into four themes: rejection and rely on medical resources(negativity towards health education,medical experience,in other means),produce disease(lack of disease knowledge,difficult to change the status quo,poor management of),inner negative coping(fluky psychology,shame,curing patients role),adhere to the implementation difficulties(the pursuit of sensual pleasure,self-emotional catharsis,lack of social support)four themes.Part II:Complete the intervention,a total of 75 patients completed the whole health education activities.During 3 months of follow-up,two the control group lost three cases and the experimental group lost two,finally total 38 cases at experimental group and total 37 cases at control group,compared two groups before intervention of general information,perceived stress scores,self-efficacy scores and self-management behavior score,difference is not significant(P >0.05),comparable.At the end of the intervention,the experimental group that CPSS was(28.24±2.50),lower than control group(31.02±2.65);three months after intervention,experimental group(24.68±2.12)Lower than control group(29.68±2.27).The difference was significant in statistics(P<0.05).Repeated measure ANOVA reslts showed that the two groups were differences in statistics(P<0.05)in the main effect of intervention and time,and interaction effect.At the end of the intervention,experimental group’s SED was(6.27±0.93),higher than control group(5.61±1.22);three months after,the experimental group’s SED was(7.89±0.70),higher than control group(6.66±0.85).The difference was significant on statistics(P<0.05).Repeated measure ANOVA results showed that two groups were significant differences in statistics in the main effect of intervention,main effect of time and interaction effect(P<0.05).At the end of the intervention,the experimental group’s 2-DSCS was(96.98±6.32),higher than the control group(91.84±6.78).Three months after,the experimental group(97.86±5.48)higher than the control group(92.55±6.35),and the difference was significant in statistics(P<0.05).Repeated measures ANOVA results showed that two groups’s differences were significant in statistics in the main effect of intervention and time,and interaction effect(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in FBG,PBG,BMI,and HbAlc before intervention in all(P>0.05).At the end of the intervention,FBG of experimental group was(7.06±1.33)mmol/L,lower than that of control group(8.52±2.19)mmol/L,PBG level was(10.23±2.01)mmol/L,lower than that of control group(11.23±3.12)mmol/L.BMI was(23.65±2.91)kg/m2,lower than the control group(24.75±3.88)kg/m2,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Three months after intervention,the FBG of the experimental group was(6.42±0.72),lower than the control group(6.91±1.01)points,and the PBG was(8.11±1.37)mmol/L,lower than the control group(8.86±1.48)mmol/L.BMI was(22.01±2.05)kg/m2 lower than that of the control group(25.79±2.17)kg/m2,h BA1 c was(7.36±0.89)% lower than that of the control group(8.05±1.34)%,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health education based on happiness theory can reduce stress perception,strengthen self-efficacy,improve self-management behavior and improve metabolic level of young and middle-aged type 2 diabetes patients.