The Dynamic Mechanism Of COVID-19 Vaccination Policy Change

During the normal period of COVID-19,vaccination is one of the best ways to prevent the outbreak and spread of COVID-19.Centralized decision-making and administrative leadership can explain the general pattern of high vaccination completion rates.However,the practice of policy implementation shows that increasing the citizen responsiveness of policy can help fully release policy effectiveness at different stages.Supply-led policy change and demand-led policy change are not opposite,but serve different stages of policy development.Based on the above background,this paper focuses on the following question: What are the driving forces behind changes in the implementation of COVID-19 vaccination policies? What are the mechanisms which drive the transformation of different dynamics?Based on the policy process theory,this paper puts forward two modes of policy change according to the two dimensions of “policy response object” and “government initiative degree”: Administration-Driven Mode and Response-Driven Mode.According to the perspective of “interaction process” in institutional change theory,this paper puts forward the transformation mechanism of policy change motivation:assessment mechanism among government levels,interaction mechanism between government and people,and supervision mechanism between government and nongovernment.On the research methods,this paper selects the COVID-19 vaccination policy of Zhejiang Province as a case study.In the first stage,OSR Nvivo 11 software is used to encode the policy text to identify the dynamic evolution of policy implementation.In the second stage,relevant personnel are interviewed to obtain the research data and materials of case study to explain the realistic path of dynamic mode transformation of policy change.This paper finds that the vaccination policy in Zhejiang province has undergone different stages of evolution in the implementation measures,policy tools and policy context,which reflects that the dynamic mode of policy change is driven by politics,driven by multiple factors and driven by response.The specific mechanism of this transformation is as follows:(1)Give play to the role of assessment mechanism to transform the political performance index into the people’s livelihood index;(2)Give play to the role of interaction mechanism to transform problem led into demand prediction;(3)Give play to the role of supervision mechanism to transform postaccountability into process tracking.Based on the above findings,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions: First,implement the refined policy evaluation mode;Second,open participatory policy response channels;Third,strengthen the restrictive policy supervision system.