Application Of Foot Nursing Intervention Based On HAPA Theory In Patients With High-risk Foot Of Diabetes

Objective:This study develops diabetic foot care behavioral intervention programs based on Health Action Process Approach theory,and explores the health education program based on the health education program in this mode to self-care behavior,foot self-care knowledge.The effect of the self-efficacy of foot care is to increase the high-risk knowledge of diabetes high-risk patients,enhance the foot self-care health belief,and improve the self-care behavior of foot.Method:This study is a class experimental study,according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,selected 67 patients with the endocrine in Nanchang city,July to October 2021,as research objects,the control group conducted foot care health education in conventional nursing,and the observation team implemented a three-month HAPAbased foot nursing education on the basis of routine nursing,including illness related knowledge,motivation interviews,personality the guidance and post-hospital followup,etc.The foot nursing knowledge scale,nottingham assessment of functional footcare scale,foot nursing self-efficacy scale and behavioral stage assessment scale were used to evaluate the changes of foot nursing knowledge,behavior,self-efficacy and behavioral stage in high-risk diabetic foot patients before intervention and 3months after intervention.Results:1.General data of the two groups were compared: the final 67 subjects completed the whole course of intervention,including 34 in the control group and 33 in the observation group,the results showed that there was no significant difference(p>0.05)between the two groups in general demographic data,disease-related data and diabetes high-risk foot screening results.2.The intervention effect of diabetic foot nursing behavior:(1)before intervention,the nursing behavior of diabetic foot in the observation group was compared with that of the control group.The results showed no significant difference(P>0.05);(2)before and after the intervention,the observation group and the control group patients after the intervention of diabetic foot care behavior and the scores of various dimensions were compared before and after the intervention,the results showed that the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);(3)after the intervention,the observation group diabetes foot nursing behavior and each dimension score carries on the comparison with the control group,the result shows that the difference has the statistical significance(p<0.05).3.The intervention effect of diabetic foot nursing knowledge:(1)before intervention,the knowledge of diabetic foot care and the scores of each dimension in the observation group were compared with those in the control group,the results showed no significant difference(P>0.05);(2)before and after the intervention,the observation group and the control group patients after the intervention diabetes foot care knowledge and each dimension score were compared,the results showed that the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);(3)after the intervention,the total score of diabetic foot care knowledge,foot examination,foot problem treatment,and foot skin dryness in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(p<0.05),there was no significant difference between the two groups in daily foot care,toenail trim and shoe type selection(P>0.05).4.The intervention effect of self-efficacy of diabetic foot care:(1)before the intervention,the self-efficacy of diabetic foot care of the patients in the observation group was compared with that of the control group,results there was no significant difference(P>0.05);(2)before and after the intervention,the self-efficacy and the scores of each item were compared between the observation group and the control group,the results showed that the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);(3)after the intervention,the observation group was compared with the control group in the sense of efficacy and the scores of each sub-item,The results showed that the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).5.Behavior Stage:(1)before intervention,the number of people in each behavior stage of diabetic foot care in observation group was compared with that in control group,the results showed no significant difference(P>0.05);(2)before and after intervention,the number of patients in each behavior stage of diabetic foot care in the observation group was compared,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05),results there was no significant difference(P>0.05);(3)after intervention,the number of patients in each behavior stage of diabetic foot nursing in the observation group was compared with that in the control group.The results showed that there was significant difference(p<0.05).Conclusion:In this study,the intervention model based on HAPA theory has improved the foot care knowledge of patients with high-risk foot of diabetes,enhanced the self-efficacy of foot care,and improved the foot care behavior of patients.It shows that the foot care intervention based on HAPA theory has good promotion value in the foot selfmanagement of patients with high-risk foot of diabetes,but the long-term intervention effect of patients needs to be further studied.