Neuroimaging Study Of Normal Cognitive Function Crowd Carrying APOE4 Gene

Background:Alzheimer’s disease（AD）is a neurological disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and behavioral impairment that occurs in old age and presenile age.Among them,late-onset Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of AD,accounting for more than 90%of AD patients.Current research has made it clear that age,history of cardiovascular disease,low education level,depression,APOEε4 gene,etc.are all risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease.Among them,the APOEε4gene is the strongest genetic risk factor associated with late-onset AD.Therefore,the imaging structure study of APOEε4 gene population may provide a basis for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.Purpose:To study the imaging differences in brain structure between apolipoprotein E（APOE）gene carriers and non-carriers in cognitively normal population,and provide evidence for early diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.Method:The data in this article were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroima-ging Initiative（ADNI）database（http://adni.loni.usc.edu）.The data used in this study were extracted from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative（ADNI）database in October 2021.A total of 131 participants were included in this study from the ADNI database,including 68 in APOEε4 and 63 in APOEε4-.The gender,age,years of education,MMSE score,CDR,FAQ,Geriatric Depression Scale score,follow-up time,and volume of hippocampus,amygdala,thalamus,and white matter were collected respectively.The images were extracted with FSL software to extract different imaging feature data.After obtaining the absolute value of the volume^[1][2][3],the volume should be normalized before comparison.Result:There were no differences in gender,age,years of education,MMSE,CDR,FAQ,and GDS scores between APOEε4 and APOEε4-groups.There was no significant difference in age,years of education,MMSE score,CDR,FAQ,GDS score between male APOEε4-group and female APOEε4 group.There were no differences in gender,age,years of education,MMSE scores,CDR,FAQ,and GDS scores among theε4/ε4,ε4/ε3,andε3/ε3 groups.There were no significant differences in bilateral hippocampal,amygdala,and thalamus volumes between APOEε4 and APOEε4-groups（P>0.05）.The volumes of the left and right hippocampus,amygdala,and thalamus were compared in APOEε4 and APOEε4-groups,respectively.The statistical results showed that there was no significant difference between the left and right hippocampus,amygdala,and thalamus in each group（P>0.05）.).The APOEε4 and APOEε4-groups were divided into 2 groups by gender,and the differences in the volume of hippocampus,thalamus,amygdala,and white matter of the same gender were compared between researchers who carried different genes.The male group APOEε4-was the researcher’s white matter volume was greater than that of APOE.The white matter volume of theε4 group,the normalized white matter volume of 348.2（337.1,361.9）was smaller than that of the APOEε4-group white matter volume of 358.4（346.6,367.7）（P=0.026）The difference was statistically significant,but the bilateral hippocampus and thalamus of different genotypes,amygdala volume found no significant difference（P>0.05）.The female group APOEε4 and APOEε4-were compared by the researchers and found that there was no significant difference in the volume of all structures.However,no obvious asymmetry was found in the left and right hippocampus,amygdala and thalamus under the same genotype in different gender groups（P>0.05）.A cohort study of hippocampus,amygdala,thalamus,and white matter of APOEε4 and APOEε4-gene carriers found that the changes in the right hippocampus and amygdala in the AOEε4 group were larger than those in the APOEε4-group after 2years of follow-up,P=0.020 and P=0.038,difference statistically significant.The left hippocampus,amygdala,thalamus and white matter volume differences were statistically analyzed after P>0.05,and the difference was not statistically significant.There were no significant differences in the volume of bilateral hippocampus,amygdala,thalamus and white matter between theε4/ε4,ε4/ε3,andε3/ε3 groups.Conclusion:1.There was no significant difference in the volume of bilateral hippocampus,amygdala,thalamus,and white matter between the APOEε4 and APOEε4-groups.And no significant difference was found in bilateral hippocampus,amygdala,thalamus,and white matter volume in different genders.2.The cohort study found that the volume of the right hippocampus and amygdala decreased faster in the APOEε4 group than in the APOEε4-group,while there was no significant difference in the volume change rates of the left hippocampus,amygdala,bilateral thalamus,and white matter.3.Comparing the volumes of hippocampus,amygdala,and thalamus in different gene dose groups,it was found that there were no significant differences in the volumes of hippocampus,amygdala,thalamus,and white matter among the three groups ofε4/ε4,ε4/ε3,andε3/ε3.,thalamus,and white matter volume were not related to gene dose.