A Comparative Study Of Mawangdui Silk Paintings Daoyin Tu And Zhangjiashan Bamboo Slips Yin Shu

In 1973,the painting Dao Yin Tu excavated from the No.3 Han Tomb of Mawangdui in Changsha was painted with 44 character Daoyin images and an inscription attached to the picture,filling an important gap in the history of medicine and sports in China during the Qin and Han Dynasties,which attracted widespread attention from the academic community and society.In 1983,the bamboo slip Yin Shu excavated in the Han Tomb of Zhangjiashan in Jiangling County,the full text is clearly layered,echoing from beginning to end,the first paragraph expounds the theory of how to maintain health in the four seasons,followed by rich and detailed Daoyin methods,and finally ends with the analysis of the causes of illness and the practice of disease prevention,which is the earliest daoyin to the daoyin of the theory of Daoyind health and the Daoyin of the daoyin of the art of explanation.At present,there are not many literature on the study of the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu,mainly focusing on the interpretation and annotation of the inscription of the Dao Yin Tu and the text of the Yin Shu,the idea and culture of the Daoyin of health,the role and clinical significance of the Daoyin technique,the source flow of the Daoyin,and the comparative study of the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu.In contrast,the literature on the comparative study of the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu is rare,and few of them start from the comparison of the specific Daoyin technique to study the similarities and differences between the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu.The bamboo slip Yin Shu and the Dao Yin Tu are roughly similar in age,and both can be regarded as the Daoyin books that were popular in the Han Dynasty at the same time.Zhangjiashan bamboo slips Yin Shu has text explanation but no schematic diagram,and Mawangdui Han Tomb Dao Yin Tu has a schematic diagram but no text explanation,the two can be mutually corroborated and supplemented to a certain extent.The existing literature on the study of the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu can provide a good foundation for the comparative study of the Dao Yin Tu and Yin Shu.This paper takes the Daoyin Tu and the Yin Shu daoyin technique as the main research object,and uses the philological research methods such as text,phonology,and exegesis to comprehensively examine and classify the Daoyin Tu and the Yin Shu daoyin technique,so as to comprehensively compare the similarities and differences between the two daoyin techniques.The research content of this paper is mainly divided into the following three parts:The first part is the study of Ma Wangdui’s painting Daoyin Tu.First of all,the content of the Dao Yin Tu is introduced,and the character Daoyin images drawn are described in terms of coherence,reading order,character form actions,clothing and hairstyles.The image research of the Daoyin Tu daoyin technique was then carried out,the restoration diagram and position identification chart of the Daoyin Tu were drawn,the inscription interpretations of the 44 character Daoyin images were listed,and the images and inscriptions of the Daoyin Tu were analyzed by using text,phonology,and hermeneutic methods,combined with the observation of the daoyin images of the characters.On this basis,the daoyin technique of the Daoyin Tu is classified according to the name of the inscription and the daoyin action posture,and the daoyin action classification chart is drawn.Through the research of the first part,it can be understood that the Dao Yin Tu reflects the reality of the wide application and popularity of the Daoyin in all levels of society,the way the inscription of the Dao Yin Tu is named is based on bionic and the treatment of specific diseases,and the Daoyin movements and postures are based on vertical Daoyin,upper limbs and whole-body freehand movements.The second part is the daoyin of Zhangjiashan bamboo slip Yin Shu to the daoyin of the technique.First of all,the content of the full text of the Yin Shu is introduced,and the full content of the Yin Shu is summarized into six parts.Then the text research of the Yin Shu daoyin technique is carried out,and the ancient character interpretation of the Yin Shu by the predecessors is synthesized,and the annotations and interpretations of the 84 daoyin techniques of the Yin Shu are analyzed and sorted out article by article.On this basis,the 84 daoyin techniques contained in the Yin Shu are classified according to the name and daoyin action,and a chart of the classification of Daoyin movements is drawn.Through the research of the second part,it can be known that the content of the Yin Shu includes Peng Zu’s four-season health regimen,the names and exercise methods of 40 health care Daoyin techniques,44 kinds of treatment methods for the treatment of diseases,a set of Daoyin health exercises composed of 24 health care Daoyin techniques,the cause of human illness and the prevention method and the corresponding theory of daoyin health care.The nomenclature of the Yin Shu is based on bionics,specific exercises and the treatment of specific diseases.Daoyin movements are based on vertical Daoyin,upper limb and whole-body freehand movements.The third part is a comparative study of the daoyin technique of the Dao Yin Tu of the Painting of The Painting and the bamboo slip Yin Shu.The naming methods of the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu can be divided into five kinds:bionic movements,physical activity parts,specific exercise actions,specific disease treatment and Daoyin effect(purpose),and the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu are compared with the same Daoyin method.The "Daoyin Tu" and the Yin Shu daoyin technique can be divided into three types of freehand movements,instrumental movements and respiratory movements according to the movements,and then the Daoyin Tu is compared with the daoyin techniques related to the actions in the Yin Shu.Through the study of the third part,it is possible to find the correlation between the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu daoyin techniques in terms of naming methods and daoyin actions,and 11 pairs of related daoyin techniques can be found.According to the similarities and differences derived from the comparative study of the daoyin techniques of the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu,it is proved that the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu daoyin style are very relevant,and it is inferred that the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu are the same homologous Daoyin style,because different schools have been formed in the process of inheritance and development,resulting in the difference in naming and action between the Dao Yin Tu and the Yin Shu contained in the Daoyin style.Finally,the origin of the early Daoyin technique,the philosophical view,the characteristics of health care and disease treatment,and the practical significance are discussed,so as to study and explore the important value of the early Daoyin technique more comprehensively and deeply.