Retrospective Analysis Of Influencing Factors Of Corneal Edema After Cataract Surgery

Objective: To explore the causes of corneal edema after modern cataract phacoemulsification,find the main inducing factors of corneal edema,and provide effective prevention and treatment measures for clinic.Methods: 104 patients(168 eyes)with cataract diagnosed by Inner Mongolia forestry general hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were collected and divided into two groups according to whether corneal edema occurred after operation: experimental group: Patients with corneal edema after operation(63 people,96 eyes);Control group:patients without corneal edema after operation(55 persons,72 eyes).The patients in the experimental group and the control group were tested for visual acuity and intraocular pressure before operation,the number of corneal endothelial cells and the percentage of hexagonal cells were measured under corneal endothelioscope,the nuclear hardness was observed under slit lamp microscope,and the depth of anterior chamber was measured.Cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were used in all operations.Corneal endothelioscopy was performed one day after operation in the control group,and the changes of corneal endothelial cell number and hexagonal cell density before and after operation were observed;In the experimental group,Oct examination of the anterior segment was performed on the first day after operation to observe whether there was peeling of the posterior elastic layer around the incision;The regression time of corneal edema was recorded.After the edema subsided,corneal endothelioscopy was performed again.The changes of corneal endothelial cell number and hexagonal cell density before and after operation were compared and observed.Results: 1 The comparison results of general clinical data between the experimental group and the control group: there was no significant difference in gender and visual acuity,but there were significant differences in age and intraocular pressure.2.The number of corneal endothelial cells and the percentage of hexagonal cells in the experimental group and the control group were counted.It was found that there were significant differences in the loss rate of these two data before and after operation.However,there was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative data.3.Comparison of lens nucleus hardness between the test group and the control group: lens nucleus hardness: Grade II.There is no significant difference between the two groups in this data;Hardness of lens nucleus: Grade III,with significant difference between groups;The hardness of lens nucleus: grade IV,and there was significant difference between the groups.4.The relevant conditions of corneal basic lesions in the experimental group and the control group were analyzed,and it was found that there were significant differences between the groups.5.By analyzing the depth of anterior chamber in the experimental group and the control group,it is found that there are significant differences between the groups.6.By analyzing the situation of ultrasonic energy and perfusion pressure in the experimental group and the control group,it is found that there are significant differences in the data changes of perfusion pressure between the two groups,but there is no significant difference in ultrasonic energy.7.Comparison between the experimental group and the control group on whether the posterior elastic layer exfoliation occurs in the postoperative incision: there are significant differences between the groups.8.By analyzing the eye data of the experimental group and the control group,it is found that there is no significant difference in the relevant data of the right eye between the two groups,but there is significant difference in the relevant data of the left eye between the two groups.Conclusion: corneal edema after cataract surgery is mainly related to the patient’s own conditions and the surgeon’s operation.1.Patients’ own factors: the incidence of corneal edema is relatively increased in patients with old age,high intraocular pressure,lens nucleus hardness ≥ grade III,shallow anterior chamber depth and preoperative corneal basic lesions;2.Doctor’s operation: the loss of the percentage of corneal endothelial cells and hexagonal cells during operation increases the risk of corneal edema;Exfoliation of posterior elastic layer at the incision after operation will also increase the probability of corneal edema;3.The risk of corneal edema in the left eye is higher than that in the right eye.