Molecular Detection Of 1BL/1RS Translocation Lines And Analysis On Agronomic Traits Of New‘early Sowing And Early Maturing Type’ Wheat Varieties(lines)in Sichuan

Wheat is a widely cultivated cereal crop worldwide.It is also one of the main food crops in China.Sichuan Basin is one of the main wheat producing areas in China,and its unique heat resources result in the shortage of triple cropping system and more than two cropping system.‘Early sowing and early maturing type’wheat varieties（lines）are sown earlier than traditional wheat varieties,which can be sown earlier than traditional wheat and make full use of the light and hot water resources in October（fallow field period）,and also retain the characteristics of traditional wheat varieties to avoid high temperature forced ripening in the pustulation period and need early maturation to achieve high yield.After decades of breeding work,our research group has successfully cultivated a large number of new varieties（lines）of the‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat.This new wheat varieties（lines）not only has high yield potential,but also has good disease resistance,cold resistance and lodging resistance.In addition,wheat-rye 1BL/1RS translocation lines are widely used in breeding work due to disease resistance and high yield,It is reported that the 1BL/1RS translocation line has a large proportion of the domestic bred wheat varieties（lines）,but the translocation line will lead to the qualitative deterioration of wheat processed products.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the distribution and source of 1BL/1RS translocation lines in‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat,and analyze the effect of 1BL/1RS translocation lines on wheat agronomic traits,which is to provide a theoretical basis and basis for subsequent selection and breeding of this batch of materials.In this study,the 201‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat varieties（lines）were detected using STS molecular markers on three to 1RS and one to 1BS chromosomes,five major agronomic traits of all materials were investigated and analyzed,and analyzed the disease resistance of wheat stripe rust,powdery mildew and scab in 87 of them.The main results obtained are as follows:1.According to the molecular labeling results of 201 wheat materials in this experiment,the check variety Chinese spring is a non-1BL/1RS translocation,the new‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat varieties Chuannong30（CN30）and Chuannong32（CN32）were non-1BL/1RS translocation lines,the parents of the new‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat strains were 1BL/1RS translocation lines in Fan37123 and 31966,and the non-1BL/1RS translocation lines of CN27 and 20828-11.Comparing the distribution of 1BL/1RS translocation lines in descendants of different parental combinations,it was clear that the main sources of 1BL/1RS translocation lines in this strain were parents Fan 37123 and 319662.Among the 194 new wheat strains of‘early sowing and early maturing type’,106materials were detected as non-1BL/1RS translocation lines,accounting for 54.64%of the total,and 88 materials were tested as 1BL/1RS translocation lines,accounting for 45.36%of the total,indicating that the distribution frequency of 1BL/1RS translocation lines was large.Our group selected and bred this batch of new high-yield wheat lines without considering the 1BL/1RS translocation lines,which showed that the 1BL/1RS translocation line was consistent with the breeding goal of‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat.3.According to the comparative analysis of agronomic traits of 1BL/1RS translocation lines and non-1BL/1RS translocation lines,it is found there were no significant differences in ear length,1000 grain weight and yield per plant between1BL/1RS translocation lines and non-1BL/1RS translocation lines.There were significant differences in number of grain per ear and plant height,but the impact on actual production was a little.The plant height of‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat strains was not high overall,with the 1BL/1RS translocation lines were lower than the four parents.This indicates that the 1BL/1RS translocation lines had no obvious effect on wheat yield in the same genetic background.4.According to investigation of agronomic traits and disease resistance identification of the new strains of‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat,it was found that the offspring of parental combination Fan37123/V24//Fan37123 and Fan37123/20828-11//Fan37123 had good disease resistance and field agronomic traits and yield performance.They could continue to be used as high-quality parents.33.33%of the offspring of both combinations were 1BL/1RS translocation lines,which indirectly indicates that Fan 37123as the important parent can breed wheat varieties（lines）with excellent resistance and high yield.And we can retained the 1BL/1RS translocation lines during the yield breeding process.In summary,this study identified the high distribution frequency of 1BL/1RS translocation lines among 194 new wheat strains of‘early sowing and early maturing type’,and the sources were mainly parental Fan37123 and 31966.The results showed that the1BL/1RS translocation lines were consistent with the breeding goals of‘early sowing and early maturing type’wheat.Other studies have shown that the 1BL/1RS translocation lines affect the processing quality of wheat,and some breeders do not recommend this translocation line.However,given that Sichuan wheat is commonly used in winemaking,it is highly inclusive of processing quality.The parents Fan37123 and 31966 have the characteristics of long growth period,strong stress resistance and high yield,and can be used as breeding resources to retain the offspring of the 1BL/1RS translocation lines in breeding.It is recommended to perform early identification and screening of combined F₂generation populations with 1BL/1RS translocation lines to improve breeding efficiency.