Evaluation Of The Therapeutic Effect Of Aqueous Extract Of Phyllanthus Urinaria L. On Diarrhea Mice Induced By Senna Leaves

Diarrhea is not only an independent disease but also a common clinical symptom accompanied by many diseases,which greatly harms the health of human and animals.In developing countries,diarrhea in children under the age of five each year 1 billion to 2.5 billion people,1.5 million to 2.5 million people were killed,in the process of modern livestock exposed scale,intensive farming,and assistance from the young birds diarrhea is one of the important cause of the young animal to grow up,and its incidence and mortality rates are high,farmers to bring huge losses.In previous clinical practice,Chinese herbal medicine has often been used to treat diarrhea in humans and animals,and has achieved good therapeutic results.Many chinese medicines can effectively control the development of this disease.Phyllanthus urinaria L.is a whole herb of Euphorbiaceae,Phyllanthus.It has the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying,moistening water and eliminating accumulation.It is commonly used to treat dysentery,diarrhea and other diseases in folk.In this study,the therapeutic effect of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.on diarrhea mice induced by the leaves of Senna japonica was observed,and the pharmacological effects of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.on diarrhea were explored from the aspects of anti-diarrhea,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,affecting water-liquid transport function and correcting intestinal flora disorder,so as to provide theoretical basis for its clinical application in diarrhea of livestock and poultry.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Observation of antidiarrheal effect of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.on diarrhea mice induced by Senna leavesSenna leaves were selected to establish an animal diarrhea model,and the antidiarrheal effect of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.on mice with diarrhea was observed.The groups were as follows: Blank Control group(Control),Model group(Model),positive group(Berberine Hydrochloride Tablets,BHT,dosage of 0.05g/kg),low dose group(AEP-L,dosage of 1.25g/kg),medium dose group(AEP-M,dosage of 2.5 g/kg)and high dose of water extract from sublica leaf(AEP-H,dosage of 5.0g/kg).After 5 days of modeling,the administration group was given intragastric administration for 3 consecutive days after modeling,and the changes of body weight,diarrhea rate,diarrhea index and pathological changes of small intestine and colon were observed.The results showed that aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.could improve the weight loss of mice after drug treatment,and the body weight of mice in phyllostachys chinensis high-dose group was significantly higher than that in model group(P<0.05).The diarrhea rate of mice in all treatment groups was significantly decreased(P<0.01);The diarrhea index in the high dose group was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.01).The histopathological changes of intestinal tissue in mice were effectively alleviated by the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.,and the histopathological changes were most obvious in the high-dose group.(2)Mechanism of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.on the antidiarrheal effect of senna leaf induced diarrheal miceThe contents of T-SOD,T-AOC and CAT in small intestine and colon tissues of mice in each group were detected by kit.The levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-4 and IL-6 in colon tissue were detected by ELISA.The mRNA expression levels of aquaporins AQP1,AQP2,AQP3,AQP4 and AQP8 in colon tissues were detected by RT-PCR,and the therapeutic mechanism of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.folium was discussed.The results showed that the expression levels of T-SOD 、T-AOC and CAT in duodenum,jejunum,ileum and colon of mice were significantly increased(P<0.01 or P<0.05),especially in middle and high dose groups.The levels of pro-inflammatory markers TNF-α and IL-6 in colon tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the levels of anti-inflammatory markers IL-4were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The levels of aquaporins AQP1,AQP2,AQP3,AQP4 and AQP8 were significantly increased compared with the model group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),especially in the middle and high dose groups.(3)Effect of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.on intestinal flora of senna leaf induced diarrhea mice16sRNA high-throughput sequencing showed that the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.changed the intestinal microbial diversity and improved the intestinal microbiota structure of mice with diarrhea.At the phylum level,it increased the bacterial number of Firmicutes and decreased the bacterial number of Bacteroidetes(P<0.05);At the family level,it increased the number of Lactobacillus and decreased the number of Bacteroides(P< 0.05).In conclusion,the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus urinaria L.can effectively relieve diarrhea symptoms of mice,reduce diarrhea index,and have protective function on small intestine and colonic mucosa of mice.By exerting its antioxidant effect,it can reduce inflammation and up-regulate the expression level of water channel protein,correcting the disorder of intestinal floraand,finally play an anti-diarrhea role.