| Drought is the main stress factor leading to the reduction of maize yield in China.Drought resistance evaluation and drought resistance resource identification are of great significance for breeding drought-resistant maize germplasm resources and droughtresistant breeding.In this experiment,143 maize germplasm resources were used as the research object of drought resistance evaluation.The root system was used as the main evaluation index to comprehensively evaluate the drought resistance through the angle of underground root,the area of underground root,the number of underground root layers,the total number of underground root,and the dry weight of underground root.The fuzzy set was established and the membership function analysis was used to explore the drought resistance of different maize germplasm resources.The stomatal precise phenotypic identification of some materials was carried out.The stomatal density,stomatal opening and closing degree,stomatal aperture and stomatal area were accurately identified from the microscopic point of view to study the correlation between stomatal index and drought resistance.Finally,this experiment selected 77 materials,from the growth period,plant height,ear position,plant diseases and insect pests,plant type and other aspects of drought resistance identification.The results are as follows:1.Maize germplasm resources PAN116,PAN097,PAN005,PAN111,PAN003,PAN042,PAN015,PAN086,PAN036,PAN014 are good drought-resistant resources in the comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance,and can be used as parent materials for drought-resistant breeding work.PAN060,PAN283,PAN081,PAN050,PAN083,PAN299,PAN319,PAN117,PAN032,PAN069 are sensitive to drought and can be used as control materials for subsequent drought resistance studies.2.In the phenotypic correlation analysis of roots in flood and drought areas,the correlation between RA in water area and root indexes in arid area was weak,the correlation between RA in arid area and root index in water area was weak,and almost all other root indexes showed a very significant positive correlation,and the root index with the strongest correlation was the same as RA and RS,RLN and TRN in the partition.The SOCD indicators and SAP indicators of all partitions are significantly positively correlated,and SAP is significantly regulated by SOCD.The positive correlation between arid and water SD was very significant,and it was negatively correlated with the rest of the stomatal indexes,but only SD in water area and SAP in water area reached a significant level.There was no significant relationship between the remaining stomatal indicators.3.In the correlation analysis between stomata and drought resistance,SOCD in water area,SOCD in arid area,SAR in water area,SAR in arid area and drought resistance were significantly positively correlated,SD in arid area was significantly negatively correlated with drought resistance,and the remaining stomatal indexes did not have a significant relationship with drought resistance.4.The results of drought-resistant resource identification showed that the droughtresistant materials iron 84,GM316,BD13 0273,L050,BD12 1307,BD13 1152 and K15GH071 plants had relatively ideal high spike positions and compact plant types,resistant to diseases and pests,and were suitable for planting in areas with distinct drought and flood.The drought-resistant materials Hai 014,Early 49,BD13 0273,BD12 1393,BD13 0900,Ying 64,BD13 1152 have a short growth period and compact plant type and are resistant to diseases and pests,suitable for planting in arid areas with short frost-free period. |
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