Expression Characteristics And Application Of Diagnostic Markers In Canine Digestive System Tumors

With the increase in the number of pet dogs in China in recent years,the number of middle-aged and elderly dogs is also increasing,and the incidence of digestive system tumors is on the rise.Due to the large number of tissues and organs involved in the canine digestive system,the complex histological structure and a wide range of tumor cells,there are difficulties in pathological diagnosis.In this study,explored the expression of PCK,CK5 / 6,CK14,CK19,CK20,Villin,Melan-A,S-100,Vim,α-SMA,Desmin,GFAP,AAT,NSE,Syn,Cg A,Hep Par-1 and other related diagnostic markers in normal canine digestive system tissues,and then performed immunohistochemical staining on clinically collected canine digestive system tumors.Combined with histological features for the differential diagnosis of clinical canine digestive system tumors.To screen a panel of diagnostic markers that can be used for the differential diagnosis of canine digestive system tumors,so as to provide a basis for the clinical differential diagnosis of the tumor,improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of digestive system tumors,and provide help for the subsequent prognosis judgment and diagnosis and treatment plan.The results of this study showed that PCK and CK5 / 6 were widely expressed in squamous epithelial cells of normal canine oral mucosa,CK14 and P63 were only expressed in basal cells,and PCK,CK5/6,CK14 and P63 were widely expressed in odontogenic epithelium.CK20 and Villin were positively expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells,CD117 was positively expressed in Cajal cells,Vim was weakly positively expressed in gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells,and α-SMA and Desmin were strongly positively expressed.In the liver,Hep Par-1 was specifically expressed in hepatocytes,CK19 was positively expressed in bile duct epithelial cells,α-SMA was strongly positively expressed in smooth muscle cells of vascular wall,CD34 and CD31 were expressed in vascular endothelial cells.PCK and Villin were positively expressed in pancreatic ductal epithelial cells,AAT was positively expressed in pancreatic alveoli,and Syn,NSE and Cg A were strongly positively expressed in the neuroendocrine cells.In this study,a total of 43 cases of canine digestive system tumors were collected and retrospectively studied.Combined with the expression characteristics of diagnostic markers in canine digestive system tissues,these tumors were diagnosed histopathologically.There were 23 cases of canine oral tumors,including 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,2 cases of papilloma,3 cases of peripheral odontogenic fibroma,5 cases of melanoma,2 cases of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma,2 cases of nerve sheath tumor,2 cases of epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma,and 1 case each of squamous papilloma,fibroma,rhabdomyosarcoma and poorly differentiated angiosarcoma.There were 8 cases of canine gastrointestinal tumors in dogs,including 3 cases of smooth muscle sarcoma,1 case each of intestinal mucinous adenocarcinoma,rectal squamous carcinoma,angiolipoma,angiomyolipoma,and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.There were 11 cases of canine liver tumors,including 4 cases of cholangiocarcinoma,2 cases of angiosarcoma,2cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma,and 1 case each of hepatocellular carcinoma,liposarcoma,and mucinous undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.One case of canine pancreatic tumor was diagnosed as neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas.The results of this study show that in canine oral tumors,PCK,CK5/6,and P63 can be used as positive diagnostic markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma,squamous papilloma,and papilloma.It is recommended to use Vim,Melan-A,S-100,CD3,CD20,α-SMA and Desmin as diagnostic markers for differential diagnosis of canine oral mesenchymal round cell tumors such as epithelioid melanoma,epitheliotropic lymphoma and acinar rhabdomyosarcoma.In canine oral mesenchymal spindle cell tumors,Vim can be used as a diagnostic marker for fibroma and shows bright blue collagen fibers under Masson staining.S-100,NSE and GFAP can be used to diagnose nerve sheath tumor,and CD68,AAT and Lysozyme can be used as positive diagnostic markers for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.In gastrointestinal tumors,PCK,Vim,CK20,Villin,CK5 / 6,and P63 are recommended as diagnostic markers for gastrointestinal epithelial tumors to distinguish intestinal mucinous adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.Vim,Desmin,α-SMA,CD31 and CD34 can be used as diagnostic markers for gastrointestinal angiolipoma and angiomyolipoma.α-SMA can be used to confirm the presence of smooth muscle components in adipose tissue.In gastrointestinal mesenchymal spindle cell tumors,it is recommended to use PCK,Vim,α-SMA,Desmin,CD117,S-100,CD68,AAT,Lysozyme as a joint group of diagnostic markers.SMA and Desmin are positive diagnostic markers for leiomyosarcoma,and CD68,AAT and Lysozyme are positive diagnostic markers for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.Hep Par-1 is a positive diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma,CK19 is a positive diagnostic marker for cholangiocarcinoma,NSE,Syn and Cg A can be used as a group of diagnostic markers for hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.Hepatic mesenchymal tumors need to be combined with histological features and immunohistochemical results for differential diagnosis.It is recommended to use Vim,CD34,CD31,S-100,SMA,CD68,AAT,and Lysozyme as diagnostic marker groups.AB-PAS can be used to distinguish when the tumor tissue contains mucus-like matrix.PCK and Villin can be used as positive diagnostic markers for pancreatic ductal carcinoma.AAT can be used to diagnose pancreatic acinar carcinoma.Syn,Cg A and NSE are diagnostic markers for pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.In this study,by exploring explored the expression characteristics of relevant diagnostic markers in the digestive system tissues of clinical healthy dogs,initially screened a series of relevant diagnostic markers that could be used to determine the origin of tumor cells,and applied them to the differential diagnosis of canine digestive system tumors,providing a reference for the histological classification of digestive system tumors in the clinic.