| China is a big country of edible fungus production and trade,and mushroom is one of the main products of edible fungus.At present,the cultivation of mushroom is mainly used in China,but the water injection operation in the cultivation link is still mainly artificial,which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive,but also has poor working environment and low efficiency.In order to solve this problem,in order to realize the whole process automation of water injection operation of factory layer frame cultivation of Lentinula edodes,under the support of the research and application of intelligent technology and equipment for fine cultivation of edible fungi in Hubei Province,based on the existing water injection equipment of fungus rod in China,an automatic water injection machine of fungus rod on frame was designed,including moving lifting device,rotating reversing device,clamping device and water injection device.The moving lifting device,rotating reversing device and clamping device completed the positioning of the water injection machine to the fungus rod at different positions,and the water injection device completed the water injection of the fungus rod.The water injection efficiency is improved while ensuring the low damage rate of the rod.The main contents of this paper are as follows :(1)According to the industrial cultivation mode of edible fungus rod,the performance requirements and design criteria of the automatic water injection machine of fungus rod on the shelf were put forward,and the whole process scheme of completing the water injection operation on the shelf was designed.Comparing different lifting mode,rotating commutation mode and water injection mode,based on the purpose of efficient water injection,the lifting scheme of chain guide rail hydraulic lifting,the water injection scheme combining pneumatic clamping and mechanical water injection and the gear rack rotating commutation scheme are selected.(2)Design,analyze and calculate the key parts of the automatic water injection machine.By calculating and analyzing the related parameters of the minimum momentum of the rotary reversing device,it is determined that the movement time of the rotary reversing device should be controlled at about 5.5 s.Through the compressive stress-strain test,the maximum allowable radial compression of the rod is 12 mm,and the maximum clamping force is 950 N.Through the axial water injection needle puncture test of the rod,the rod with a water content between 10 % and 20 % was determined,and the maximum thrust of the water injection needle was 485 N;the static simulation of the fungus stick splint was carried out by ANSYS software,and the design thickness of the fungus stick clamping arm was determined to be 10 mm.(3)According to the working principle of the automatic water injection machine,the pneumatic system and control system of the prototype are designed.The pneumatic system part completes the gas path design of the whole machine and draws the gas path schematic diagram of the whole machine.The type of each cylinder is determined according to the movement mode of each mechanism,and the selection of pneumatic components is determined according to the relevant design parameters.The hardware part of the control system determines the control flow according to the working principle of the water injection machine,and selects the controller PLC and sensors.Software part according to the functional requirements of the water injection machine movement mechanism,with Dongyuan TECO-AP100 series PLC as the core,through the AP-PCLINK programming software in the control system of the reset program,manual program,automatic program and emergency stop program.(4)Complete the prototype trial and water injection machine performance verification test.The optimum design parameters of the water injection device of the water injection machine were determined,that is,the water injection time was 200 s;through the performance test results of the water injection machine,the damage rate of the rod is 1.34 %,the average weight ratio of the rod after water injection is 84.8,and the working efficiency of the water injection machine is 270 / h,which is basically in line with the predicted results. |
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