Investigation On Activity Pattern And Parasite Epidemiology Of Captive Sika Deer

At present,there are many sika deer in raised in captivity,but the population of wild sika deer is very low.It is an effective way to expand the population of wild sika deer by developing wild sika deer inraised in captivity.From 2017 to 2019,46 sika deer were introduced into Jiyuan City,Henan Province,and kept in captivity in the Meihua Deer Park of Nanshan Forest Park.Adaptive domestication was carried out in the wild,and they were released on the spot after three generations of breeding.In order to investigate the activity pattern of captive sika deer and the situation of sika deer infected with parasitic diseases,and provide a better basis for the wild release and protection of sika deer,The study was conducted between May 2020 and July 2021,the activity rhythm and cluster behavior of sika deer were studied with infrared camera technology,and the body surface and internal parasitic diseases of sika deer were investigated and studied,and the following conclusions were drawn:1.Captive sika deer activity focus on dawn anddusk,and have activities in all hours of the day,There are two peak periods of daily activity: 6:00-8:00,16:00-18:00;The diurnal activity rhythm of sika deer has a large seasonal difference,which is most obvious in the comparison between summer and winter.The morning and night habits of sika deer change to diurnal in winter.2.A total of 11 cluster patterns were recorded,and the proportion of solitary deer was the highest,among which female single accounted for36.63% and male single accounted for 37.40%;followed by polyfemale cluster,accounting for 9.06% of the total.Only 4.92% of the larvae were single.The total sex ratio of sika deer population was 1.45:1,which fluctuated in different seasons,and the sex ratio in winter was 2.20:1.Spring and summer followed,1.92:1 and 1.25:1,respectively;In autumn,the number of females was smaller than that of males,and the ratio of males to females was 0.57:1.3.Based on morphology and molecular biology,the episparasites were identified as hemaphysalis longicornis belonging to the genus Hemaphysalis.After PCR amplification,Maga 7.0 comparison was truncated and the genetic evolution tree was constructed with the reference sequence.It was found that the(H.longicornis JYMHL)sequence obtained in this study and the reported reference sequence of H.longicornis Jymhl were in the same branch,indicating that the tick collected in this study was Haemaphysalis longicornis.4.The infection rate in detected sika deer blood samples was 100% 。which mainly included piriforma,phagocytic anoplasma,bovine anoplasma and sheep mixed infection.5.The feces of sika deer were mainly infected with amoeba cysts,coccidioides oocysts,whipworm oocytes and other nematodes.The total infection rate was 38.21%.There were significant differences in the status of parasite infection in different seasons and physiological stages(P< 0.05).