Effects Of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins On Growth Performance,Antioxidant Properties And Meat Quality Of Hainan Black Goats

The market demand for Hainan black goats is increasing,so as to improve the efficiency of fattening,focus on coping with the phenomenon that is easy to cause oxidative stress in the early fattening stage,by adding natural antioxidants in the diet.Grape seed proanthocyanidin（GSP）is a good natural antioxidant with easy source and low cost,which has great potential to improve the performance of livestock and poultry.In order to investigate the effects of GSP on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum antioxidant performance,meat quality and protein and fat anabolism of Hainan black goats,40 Hainan black goats with about 11.14 kg castrated male lambs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group with 20 replicates per group and 1 goat per replicate.The diets were supplemented with 0 mg/kg BW GSP and 20 mg/kg BW GSP,respectively.The pre-feeding period lasted for 7 days and the normal feeding period lasted for 90 days,which were divided into three experiments for exploration,and the data were analyzed by independent sample T test.Experiment 1:The effects of GSP on growth performance and slaughter performance of Hainan black goats were investigated by measuring growth performance indicators such as body weight,daily dry matter intake,and body size,as well as meat production performance and visceral weight.The results showed that:GSP（20 mg/kg BW）significantly increased body weight at day 90,average daily gain at day 31-60 and 1-90,daily dry matter intake at day 1-90,chest circumference index at day 30,live weight before slaughter and net meat weight,and significantly decreased feed/gain at day 1-90（P<0.05）.It extremely significantly increased dry matter daily feed intake during 61-90 d,and extremely significantly decreased feed/gain during 31-60 d and 61-90 d（P<0.01）.Experiment 2:The effects of GSP on antioxidant properties of serum and meat quality of Hainan black goats were investigated by measuring the antioxidant indexes in serum,the nutrient composition of triceps brachii,longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris,the physicochemical properties of longissimus dorsi muscle and the morphological characteristics of muscle fibers.The results showed that:GSP（20 mg/kg BW）significantly increased total antioxidant capacity（T-AOC）,total superoxide dismutase（T-SOD）,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）and catalase（CAT）activities,p H_24h,cooked meat percentage,a*and muscle fiber density of Hainan black goats on the 90th day.The water content of triceps brachii,longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris was significantly decreased,and the crude protein content was significantly increased（P<0.01）,while the MDA content,drip loss,shear force,lightness（L*）,yellowness（b*）and muscle fiber diameter were significantly decreased（P<0.05）.Experiment 3:The effects of GSP on the anabolism of protein and fat in Hainan Black goats were investigated by measuring the contents of 17 amino acids and 28 fatty acids and the activities of enzymes related to protein and fat anabolism in serum.The results showed that:GSP（20 mg/kg BW）significantly increased the contents of histidine,C14:1,C18:1n-9t,C18:1n-9c,and MUFA in longissimus dorsi muscle of Hainan black goats,and significantly decreased the contents of C17:0 and C18:0 in longissimus dorsi muscle（P<0.01）.It significantly increased the contents of C16:1,C20:5n-3 and UFA in the longissimus dorsi muscle and decreased the contents of C11:0,C16:0,C23:0,SFA andω-6PUFA/ω-3PUFA in the longissimus dorsi muscle（P<0.05）.The levels of aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,alanine aminotransferase（ALT）,hormone-sensitive lipase（HSL）,fatty acid synthase（FAS）and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase（ACC）were decreased（P>0.05）.In conclusion,20 mg/kg BW GSP can promote and improve the growth performance,slaughter performance,antioxidant capacity in serum,meat quality and enzymes related to protein and fat anabolism of Hainan black goats,which has important significance in the application of Hainan black goats.