Expression Analysis On The Body Color Gene Of Betta Splendens

Body color is an important factor affecting the value of ornamental fish,and the type,distribution and proportion of pigment cells on the body surface determine the body color of fish.The colorful and colorful multicolored fighting fish(Thai fighting fish)is a very popular ornamental fish on the market.The body color of the multicolored fish can be roughly divided into five categories: black,blue,red,white,and yellow.The study of fish body color has always been an important research content of genetics.Although the complexity of body color is related to many factors,genetic factors are the decisive factor.The gorgeous body color determines the price of ornamental fish,but at present,there are few research reports on the body color of the multicolored fish in China.In this paper,we mainly observed and studied the content and types of pigment cells in blue,red,and yellow lines,and analyzed the expression levels of SOX10,MC1 R,TYR and SLC7A11 genes in them.By studying the relationship between fish body color and pigment-related genes,it can lay a foundation for the directional breeding of the color of the fish.The main findings obtained in this study are as follows:The types and numbers of pigment cells in each layer of the scales of different body colors were observed under a microscope.The observation results showed that the pigment cells with the highest density in the upper layer of the scales of the red-colored scorpionfish were red pigment cells,which were mostly spherical.In addition,there were a small number of melanocytes with inconspicuous dendrites.The red pigment cells in the lower layer were mostly diffuse and a few were spherical.,with a small number of melanocytes,with obvious dendrites.In the blue fish,there are large number of melanocytes with obvious dendrites and large volume,the density is large,most of them are spherical,there are a few red and yellow cells,and the lower layer of the scale is mainly sparse but regularly arranged.Melanocytes,mostly spherical,and a few iridocytes,erythrocytes,and yellow cells were also observed.There are large number of dense melanocytes in the upper layer of the scales of black fish,which are large in size,with obvious dendrites,and a small number in diffuse shape.The number of red and yellow cells is small.There are a small number of melanocytes on the scales of the yellow squid,the dendrites are not obvious,and the red cells are also very few.The biggest difference between blue and black fish is that the content of red pigment cells in blue fish is higher than that of black fish.The difference between blue and red fish is that red fish has less melanocytes than blue fish.Colorful fish.Therefore,it is speculated that it may be due to the amount of pigment in the pigment cells that affects the body color of the Betta Splenden.Second,the expression levels of four body color-related genes(SOX10,MC1 R,TYR,and SLC7A11)in the eyes,skin,muscle,and caudal fin of three body colors were detected by real-time fluorescence quantification.The results showed that there was no difference in the expression levels of the TYR gene between the skin and caudal fin in red and blue(P < 0.05),the expression level of TYR gene was the lowest in the muscle of the yellow line,and there was no significant difference in the expression level between the skin and the caudal fin(P > 0.05).In the red and yellow lines,there was no significant difference in the expression levels of SOX10 gene in the three tissues of eye,skin,and muscle(P>0.05),while the expression level of the caudal fin was significantly lower than that in the other three tissues(P<0.05).And in the same tissue,the SOX10 gene had the highest expression in the yellow line.There was no significant difference in the expression levels of the MC1 R gene between the skin and caudal fin(P>0.05),but the expression levels of the two were significantly higher than those in the eyes and muscles(P<0.05).When comparing the same tissue of different colors,it was found that there was no significant difference in the expression of MC1 R gene among the three body colors.There was no significant difference in the expression levels of SLC7A11 gene between eyes and skin(P>0.05),and the expression levels of the two genes were significantly higher than those in muscle(P<0.05).Moreover,the expression level of SLC7A11 gene was the highest in the skin tissue of the red Betta Splenden.In conclusion,we learned about the types and quantities of pigment cells contained in the body of different colors of the Betta Splenden,and at the same time,through the fluorescence quantitative technology,it was concluded that TYR and SLC7A11 genes were expressed in both blue and red.,and the highest expression level,the SOX10 gene has the highest expression in the yellow beetle,the expression of the SLC7A11 gene in the red beetle is higher than that of the yellow beetle,and the expression of the MCIR gene in the caudal fin and skin is significantly higher than the other two tissue expression.These results provide a certain theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the formation,inheritance,and gene expression analysis of body color in the Betta Splenden.