Analysis On The Efficiency Of Dairy Cow Breeding And Its Influencing Factors In Farmers’ Households

Family production efficiency is an important condition for the development of agricultural modernization and industrialization.The household management of farmers is one of the important characteristics of livestock and poultry production in China,and improving the production efficiency of farmers is an important task for the development of animal husbandry in China.As a common form of household management in China at this stage,the combination of planting and breeding plays an important role in reducing the cost of breeding feed.Its development model of "fixing the breeding according to the land,fixing the breeding according to the breeding" has coordinated the planting and breeding links of farmers’ families.The planting links provide the required feed for family breeding,reduce the impact of feed price fluctuation on the dairy cattle breeding industry,reduce the cost of purchased feed,realize the improvement of quality and efficiency of farmers,and stabilize the development of animal husbandry.In terms of research content,this article analyzes the personal and family characteristics,farming operations,and planting operations of dairy farmers using microscopic survey data;Secondly,using survey data,DEA method was used to calculate the pure technical efficiency of household dairy farming under the mode of separation and integration of farming and breeding,and Malmquist index was used to explore the improvement effect of integration of farming and breeding on household dairy farming efficiency;Thirdly,the Tobit model was used to empirically analyze the factors affecting the efficiency of dairy cow farming in farmers’ households under the model of combination of planting and breeding,and the robustness of the model was tested by replacing the explained variables.Based on the above research,the conclusions obtained are as follows: Firstly,the expansion of planting area is beneficial for farmers to obtain more low-cost feed,save feed outsourcing costs,and improve the efficiency of household dairy farming.Secondly,the expansion of breeding scale is beneficial for farmers to fully mobilize various factor resources and promote the improvement of household dairy cow breeding efficiency.Thirdly,the expansion of the average feed area for cattle is mainly due to the unreasonable feed structure or objective reasons leading to lower per mu yield of feed land,thereby reducing the efficiency of household dairy farming.In addition,the higher the education level of the household head,the higher their understanding and mastery of breeding theories and techniques,which is beneficial for improving the efficiency of dairy farming in rural households;the improvement of breeding technology level is conducive to the rational allocation of feed ratio and factor resources,driving the improvement of household breeding efficiency for farmers;the more household labor input,the higher the labor cost,which restricts the improvement of the efficiency of dairy farming in households;both the selling milk model and the sticking calf model provide more ways for the sale and processing of milk,which is beneficial for farmers to increase their dairy production value and promote the efficiency of their family’s dairy farming.Based on this,this article proposes corresponding policy implications: Firstly,encourage farmers to appropriately expand their breeding scale and optimize the allocation of factor resources.Secondly,we will vigorously support dairy farmers to participate in the integration of farming and breeding,and improve the efficiency of dairy farming in households.Thirdly,encourage family dairy farmers to appropriately expand the planting area of feed land and reduce the input of purchased feed.The fourth is to advocate for farmers to reasonably plan the area of average cow feed land and reduce unnecessary expenses.Fifth,strengthen the promotion and training of farmers’ breeding techniques,and feed livestock scientifically and reasonably.