Development Of BeefGene,a Beef Cattle Management Platform Based On Multidimensional Information

Beef cattle information-assisted management refers to the use of modern technology to assist in the management and optimization of beef cattle breeding,production,feeding,and sales.The current beef cattle industry is gradually transitioning to digitalization,and accelerating the implementation of new modes of animal husbandry is crucial for the innovation and development of China’s animal husbandry industry.This study is based on in-depth mining of gene chip data for different breeds of beef cattle,exploring key information for breed identification.Machine learning and computer vision technology are used to measure and evaluate phenotype-related body types of beef cattle through deep imaging.Domestic and foreign breeding decision-making tools are integrated to provide scientifically accurate management decision-making recommendations for beef cattle breeding,nutrition,and fattening.The goal is to create a modern beef cattle information management platform to improve beef cattle production and economic benefits.The main research content and conclusions of the thesis are as follows:(1)This study collected and analyzed gene chip data from 515 cattle of 16 breeds from both domestic and international sources.Through methods such as phylogenetic tree analysis,linkage disequilibrium,and population structure analysis,the study divided them into six populations to explore genetic diversity among breeds while monitoring gene flow.The integrated breed identification function "Beef Gene-BID" enables beef cattle breed identification between different breeds.The study suggests that the high stability of Angus and Red Angus cattle may be due to early intensive directional breeding for meat production.Qin Chuan cattle have a greater presence of tumorous gene infiltration compared to other Central Plains cattle,revealing the genetic characteristics of different beef cattle breeds.The study achieved the basic application of breed identification while also screening and locating breed-specific genes,such as REL,OTX1,PITX3,ITGB1,FBXL20,and ATAD1 for common Chinese cattle.(2)This study proposes a method for measuring beef cattle body conformation-related phenotypic data based on 3D point cloud depth images.Domestic and foreign beef cattle body conformation evaluation standards were referenced and summarized,and a contactless body conformation evaluation "Beef Gene-BCV" was realized with the help of image recognition technology.Based on depth images of 50 adult Japanese black cattle,four models including residual neural networks,temporal neural networks,backpropagation neural networks,and support vector machines were compared,and the study found that the accuracy of the residual neural network reached 93.75%,which was significantly higher than that of other models.Through analysis of allelic gene-specific expression,a genome-wide association analysis of body conformation-related phenotypes was carried out,and key genes regulating muscle,fat,bone and other body conformation-related traits were screened,such as FMN1,KCNH1,NRG4,NIPA1,COQ8 A,and PITRM1 genes.(3)This study collected and summarized common beef cattle management decision tools from both domestic and international sources,including breeding and selection,growth and development,and nutrition and feeding models.Based on case studies of relevant decision tools,the study divided beef cattle production management into three decisionmaking stages: breeding decision,feeding decision,and fattening decision,comprising a total of six decision models.An online web-based beef cattle breeding decision tool,"Beef Gene-DTS," was integrated and developed,which includes relevant tools such as bull value decision,calving distribution decision,calf indicators decision,nutrition and economic decision,grazing carrying capacity decision,and fattening period decision.This study integrates beef cattle management tools from three dimensions: genetics,individuals,and populations.Based on this,a beef cattle management platform called Beef Gene was developed,aiming to use modern technology to achieve professional,customized,and modern scientific management of beef cattle,and to comprehensively improve their production efficiency,health status,and quality.