Research On The Establishment Of A Digital Monitoring System For Potatoes

In order to investigate the climatic suitability of potatoes and the growth of potatoes within the city of Ulanqab in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,this study used the advanced RS-QXZN artificial weather station system to monitor and data manage 100 mu of potatoes grown in the experimental area of the Huasong Modern Science and Technology Park in Inner Mongolia,during the growth of potato seed potatoes,soil temperature,soil humidity,soil pH,EC value,soil N,P,K Eleven environmental indicators such as air temperature,air humidity,light intensity and CO₂concentration are monitored and data managed throughout,while drone remote sensing technology monitors the potato’s growth,establishing a digital monitoring system for potato production.This is of great importance for grasping potato growth conditions,strengthening potato production management and optimising planting patterns,formulating rational and efficient fertilisation strategies,promoting efficient and high potato yields and further building a modern agricultural production system for potatoes.The specific results are as follows:1.Analysis of soil temperature monitoring data shows that the range of soil temperature variation between 18°C and 24°C during potato tuber formation and tuber expansion at the trial site is within the optimum temperature range for potato tuber growth and is suitable for potato growth.2.According to the analysis of soil moisture monitoring data,the daily variation of soil moisture tends to be stable during the different fertility periods of potato,with a large variation during different fertility periods,where the variation of soil moisture tends to be stable during the germination,seedling and maturity periods,while the variation of soil moisture during the flowering,tuber formation and tuber expansion periods is large and requires timely water replenishment.3.Analysis of soil pH monitoring data shows that soil pH does not change much when the potato is in the germination,seedling and flowering stages,and varies considerably during tuber formation and tuber expansion,while soil EC does not change much in all periods of potato fertility and tends to be stable,remaining between 0.26-0.33ms/cm.4.According to the analysis of soil N,P and K monitoring data,the N and P contents of the soil in the experimental site varied little during the different fertility periods of potatoes and basically tended to be stable,with the N and P contents remaining at around17.50 mg/kg and 23.50 mg/kg respectively during different fertility periods;the K content varied more during the flowering,tuber formation and tuber expansion periods,with the maximum K content at 80.75 mg/kg and 70.20 mg/kg respectively during the flowering and tuber expansion periods.The maximum values of K content at flowering and tuber expansion stages were 80.75 mg/kg and 70.20 mg/kg,respectively.5.According to the air temperature monitoring data,the minimum air temperature at the germination stage was 3.9℃,the maximum temperature was 16.4℃,and the average temperature ranged from 3.88℃to 14.08℃throughout the day;the minimum temperature at the seedling stage was 12.6℃,the maximum temperature was 28.4℃,and the average temperature ranged from 13.22℃to 20.44℃throughout the day.The minimum temperature at flowering stage is 15.0°C,the maximum temperature is 28.4°C,and the average temperature of the day ranges from 15.4°C to 21.34°C.The minimum temperature at tuber formation stage is 14.0°C,the maximum temperature is 21.3°C,and the average temperature of the day ranges from 16.74°C to 19.44°C.The minimum temperature at the tuber formation stage was 14.0℃,the maximum temperature was 21.3℃,and the average temperature varied from 16.74℃to 19.44℃throughout the day;the minimum temperature at the tuber expansion stage was 13.9℃,the maximum temperature was 29.2℃,and the average temperature varied from 15.57℃to 22.63℃throughout the day.The minimum temperature at maturity was 9.4℃and the maximum temperature was 22.1℃,with the average temperature varying from 9.27℃to 17.87℃throughout the day.6.According to the air humidity monitoring data,the maximum value of air humidity during germination is 75.6%and the minimum value is 16%;the maximum value of air humidity during the seedling stage is 47.1%and the minimum value is 11.4%;the maximum value of air humidity during the flowering stage is 96.3%and the minimum value is 20.5%.The maximum value of air humidity during tuber formation is 85.3%and the minimum value is 33.1%.The maximum value of air humidity during tuber expansion is 85.1%and the minimum value is 30.6%.The maximum value of air humidity at maturity is 84.2%and the minimum value is 29%.The water requirements of potatoes during the reproductive period are closely related to precipitation and evaporation,and the corresponding water control should be done according to the needs of potato production,combined with precipitation,to strengthen drainage,flood prevention and other measures to provide suitable environmental conditions for the growth of potatoes.7.According to the light intensity monitoring data,the average light intensity of potato germination stage is 36952.84 Lux,the suitable light hours is about 4 h;the average light intensity of seedling stage is 40123.80 Lux,the suitable light hours is about 4 h;the average light intensity of flowering stage is 31352.96 Lux,the suitable light hours is about3.5 h;the average light intensity of tuber formation stage is 38003.35 Lux,the suitable light hours is about 3.5 h;the average light intensity of tuber expansion stage is 32441.98Lux,the suitable light hours is about 3.5 h.The average light intensity at tuber formation is38003.35 Lux,with a suitable light hour of about 3.5 h;the average light intensity at tuber expansion is 32441.98 Lux,with a suitable light hour of about 3.5 h;the average light intensity at maturity is 32144.41 Lux,with a suitable light hour of about 3 h.As the average daylight hours at different stages of potato fertility are between 12 and 14 h,the light is sufficient for the potato.With an average of 12-14 h of sunlight in different stages of potato fertility,the light is sufficient for photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation,which is conducive to potato production.8.According to CO₂monitoring data,the maximum value of CO₂concentration at the germination stage was 526.61 ppm and the minimum value was 393.26 ppm;the maximum value of CO₂concentration at the seedling stage was 488.33 ppm and the minimum value was 447.47 ppm;the maximum value of CO₂concentration at the flowering stage was 488.08 ppm and the minimum value was 468.63 ppm;the maximum value of CO₂concentration at the tuber The maximum value of CO₂concentration at tuber formation was 485.78 ppm and the minimum value was 470.42 ppm;the maximum value of CO₂concentration at tuber expansion was 498.59 ppm and the minimum value was461.52 ppm;and the maximum value of CO₂concentration at maturity was 510.92 ppm and the minimum value was 488.50 ppm.9.Based on the DOM image maps and NDVI,GNDVI,LCI,NDRE and OSAVI index maps obtained from the UAV remote sensing monitoring data,it can be seen that the potatoes in the trial site grew well at the seedling,tuber formation and maturity stages.