Evaluation Of Meat Quality Traits And Construction Of High-throughput Analysis Model On Important Economic Shellfish In Northern China

Argopecten irradians,Chlamys farreri,Patinopecten yessoensis and Crassostrea gigas are major economic shellfish in China.They contain rich nutrients,so it is of great significance to understand the nutritional composition of scallops and oysters to improve the level of human life quality.The volatile flavor substances in fresh and heated scallop adductor muscle tissue were investigated.A total of 27 volatile flavor substances were detected in fresh.It mainly includes long chain macromolecular substances such as aldehydes,alcohols,and ketones.And 52 volatile flavor substances were detected under heating,mainly including short chain aldehydes,ketones,alcohols,etc.After being heated,the original volatile flavor substances decreased and new volatile flavor substances were produced.After heating,the original long chain macromolecular substances in fresh scallops are reduced,and new short chain substances are generated through decomposition.After heating,the composition of volatile flavor substances in scallops is more complex.The fresh and heated of scallops have characteristic volatile flavor substances respectively,and the principal component analysis can effectively distinguish the adductor muscles tissue of the three kinds of scallops.This study provided a basic basis for the flavor composition of the adductor muscle tissue of A.irradians,C.farreri,P.yessoensis under fresh and heated conditions.To provide theoretical references for the research on the correlation between the production and processing of scallop adductor muscle,as well as the flavor changes,lipid oxidation,and Strecker reaction during thermal processing.It has reference significance for the processing industry of scallop adductor muscle.A total of 16 amino acids and 8 fatty acids were detected in the adductor muscle tissues of A.irradians,C.farreri,P.yessoensis.Among the amino acids found in the three scallops,the content of delicious amino acids is the highest,followed by sweet amino acids,and the content of bitter amino acids is the lowest.The P.yessoensis has the highest glutamic acid content,fresh amino acid content,and sweet amino acid content.The Met AAS values were the lowest of A.irradians,C.farreri,P.yessoensis,and its content was 31.69±0.27,36.41±1.96,and 39.56±1.50,respectively,Met were the first limiting amino acids of the three scallops.The SRC values of A.irradians,C.farreri,P.yessoensis were 42.08,44.08,and 40.92.C.farreri>A.irradians>P.yessoensis,A.farreri was the most nutritionally absorbed and utilized by adults,P.yessoensis was the least amount of amino acid nutrition absorbed and utilized by adults.Exploring the composition of amino acids and fatty acids in scallops could provide data support for achieving a balanced human diet and reasonable intake of nutrients.The 36 near-infrared（NIR）quantitative models were established for the homogenate samples of scallops,which were collected by integrating sphere,optical fiber and microNIR^TM1700 spectrometer respectively.The 11 models with RPD_CV>1.4and RPD_EV>2.0 were excellent,there were 2 models with RPD_CV>1.4 and RPD_EV>1.4,and the model performance was good,there were 9 models with an RPD_EV>1.4,and the model performance meet the usage standards.NIR technology could quickly predict the water content,total protein,and glycogen content of A.irradians homogenate samples.Rapid prediction of water content,total protein,glycogen,and total fat in the homogenate sample of C.farreri.Rapid prediction of water content,total protein,total fat,and glycogen of P.yessoensis.A total of 27 near-infrared quantitative models were established for powder samples of A.irradians,C.farreri,P.yessoensis.The spectra were collected by integrating sphere,optical fiber,and microNIR^TM1700spectrometers,respectively.After optimization,there are 16 models with RPD_CV>1.4and RPD_EV>2.0,which had excellent performance,the two models with RPD_CV>1.4and RPD_EV>1.4 had good performance,the four models with RPD_EV values>1.4 meet the usage standards.NIR technology could quickly predict the total protein,total fat,and glycogen content of A.irradians powder samples,Rapid prediction of total protein,total fat,and glycogen content in C.farreri.Rapid prediction of total protein,total fat,and glycogen content in P.yessoensis.Three homogenate qualitative models and three powder qualitative models were constructed.Three powder qualitative models could accurately determine the unknown scallop powder,and the performance index was above 99.3%.This study was the first to conduct NIR technology research on A.irradians,C.farreri,P.yessoensis.Using NIR technology to establish quantitative models of water,total protein,fat,and glycogen,it was possible to quickly and non-destructive detect the component content of three types of scallops.The qualitative models of three types of scallops were constructed,which could provide a new method for judgment the three types of scallops.In this experiment,a total of 12 quantitative models of C.gigas homogenate were established,including 4 models each constructed from integrating sphere,optical fiber,and microNIR^TM 1700 spectroscopy.There were 6 models with RPD_CV>1.4 and RPD_EV>2.0,which had excellent performance,there were 2 models with RPD_CV>1.4 and RPD_EV>1.4,and the model performance was good,one model with RPD_EV>1.4 meets the usage standard.Rapid measurement NIR models of water,total protein,total fat,and glycogen content of oyster homogenate samples were established.A total of 12quantitative NIR models of C.gigas of powder condition had been established,including 4 instruments,including integrating sphere,optical fiber,microNIR^TM1700and microPHAZIR RX,and 3 models for each instrument.There were 4 kinds of models with RPD_CV>1.4 and RPD_EV>2.0,which had excellent performance.There was one model with RPD_CV>1.4 and RPD_EV>1.4,and the model performance was good.There was one model with RPD_EV>1.4,which met the usage standard.The RPD_CV>2.0 of the two models constructed by microPHAZIR RX acquisition spectroscopy,which had excellent performance.NIR technology could be used to measure the protein and glycogen content of oyster powder.Three C.gigas-homogenate-2N,3N qualitative models and three C.gigas-powder-2N,3N qualitative models had been established.The relevant performance index was above 99.7%,which could accurately determine diploid and triploid oysters.Using multiple instruments to collect NIR spectra for model development,and using micronear infrared spectroscopy to analyze the composition and ploidy determination of C.gigas was feasible,which was accurately,fastly and high throughput.