Demonstration And Evaluation Of Biochar Based Compound Fertilizer For High Quality Rice Production

Rice is the main food crop in China,plays an important role in the food production and guaranteeing food security.Facing the pressure of the gradually growing population,we continue to improve the requirements for rice yield,in addition,with the improvement of the current living conditions and the continuous development of health concept,more and more people are beginning to pursue high quality healthy rice.But yield and quality often present an antagonistic relationship.The quality traits of high-yielding varieties of rice are not satisfactory.And how to achieve both high yield and high quality is an important problem in rice production at present.In addition,in the current rice planting and growth management process,there are still many fertilization problems restricting rice production.And rice production is also accompanied by the production of straw,how to realize the effective use of straw and return it to soil to help rice production is also an important direction for the development of rice industry in the future.Biochar is a solid substance produced by pyrolysis carbonization of crop straw and other biomass under anoxic conditions.Biochar has rich porosity and can improve soil physical properties.In addition,biochar also has many other advantages,which can play a very important role in improving soil fertility.And biochar also has adsorption capacity.Using this characteristic to mix biochar with compound fertilizer,biochar can absorb nutrients in fertilizer,reduce nutrient leaching and slow down the release rate of nutrients,extend the duration of fertilizer nutrient availability,promote the healthy development of soil environment and improve the quality and efficiency of crops.A new type of fertilizer,biochar based compound fertilizer,was produced.Combined with the importance of rice cultivation,it is of great significance to apply biochar based compound fertilizer to rice production to study whether it can promote rice production and improve the quality of rice.In this study,rice field experiments were carried out with biochar based compound fertilizers with different nutrient ratios to analyze the effects of biochar based compound fertilizers on rice growth,yield,quality,nutrient utilization efficiency and economic benefits.The main research results are as follows:1.Effects of biochar based compound fertilizer on rice growth and soil fertility.Compared with conventional compound fertilizer treatment,biochar based compound fertilizer and biochar based urea treatment can increase the plant height and stem diameter of rice during the growing period.Compared with organic fertilizer treatment,carbon based compound fertilizer and carbon based urea treatment significantly increased the plant height and tiller number of rice,among which the plant height of rice was significantly increased by 9.17%-13.08%,and the tiller number of rice was increased by 8-9 tillers per hole.Biochar based compound fertilizer can also significantly increase the shoot fresh weight,panicle fresh weight,root fresh weight and dry matter weight of rice,in which the panicle fresh weight was significantly increased by 55.25%-66.10%.At the same time,it can also promote the growth and development of rice root system,and improve the total root length,root surface area and root volume of rice.The root volume was significantly increased by75.56%-86.69%.The effect of biochar based compound fertilizer and biochar based urea treatment on soil p H value after rice harvest was significantly increased.At the same time,the application of biochar based compound fertilizer was conducive to soil fertilizer cultivation,and could increase soil organic matter content,total nitrogen content,available potassium content and available phosphorus content.2.Effects of biochar based fertilizer on rice yield and grain quality.Compared with organic fertilizer treatment,biochar based compound fertilizer and biochar based urea treatment could increase rice yield by increasing the number of effective panicles.The rice yield of biochar based compound fertilizer treatment was significantly increased by37.14%-42.12%.Compared with conventional compound fertilizer treatment,biochar based compound fertilizer treatment can maintain stable rice yield,while biochar based urea treatment can reduce rice yield by affecting effective panicle number and grain number per panicle.Biochar based compound fertilizer and biochar based urea treatment could increase the absorption of zinc and iron to rice grains and increase the content of beneficial trace elements in rice grains.3.Effects of biochar based fertilizer on nutrient benefits and economic benefits of rice.Compared with conventional compound fertilizer treatment,application of biochar based compound fertilizer and biochar based urea could increase the content of total nutrient to total nutrient input,which was beneficial to the nutrient absorption of rice grains.In addition,compared with conventional compound fertilizers,biochar based compound fertilizers and biochar based urea treatments also increased the yield per unit of nutrients and had higher fertilizer utilization efficiency.In addition,the application of biochar based compound fertilizer can still maintain stable yield and maintain income under the condition of reducing nutrient input.