Design And Development Of A Wide-Width And Low-Power Wheat Seeding And Fertilization Integrated Machine

China is a big wheat planting country,with wheat planting area accounting for 22-30%of the country’s total arable land and 20-27% of the total grain crop area.Improving wheat yield per unit area is of great significance to the development of agriculture in China.The important link to improve wheat yield is sowing and fertilization.The quality of sowing and fertilization directly affects the growth and yield of wheat.Therefore,it has become an urgent requirement for agricultural development in China to develop a high-quality sowing and fertilizer application machine.Trough wheel seeding and fertilizing machine is the mainstream type of wheat seeding and fertilizing machine in China.At present,ground wheel driving is the main type of machine in actual use,which has low operating accuracy and poor adaptability.Variable fertilization and precision seeder based on motor drive are the development trend of external groove wheel seeder and fertilizer applicator.However,due to the large power consumption of motor drive seeder and fertilizer applicator and the open loop control essence(the control precision is easily affected by the change of operating conditions and the physical characteristics of the feeder),it has not been widely used.Outside groove for motor driven wheel main problems of sowing machinery,this paper takes linhai farm actually use the(4 meters)wide rotary cultivator for installation platform,the team has been based on information quantity detection of outer tank wheeled into transplants in sowing machinery research and development achievements through the whole body design,improvement of outside slot round row feeder function structure,optimize the drive and transmission mechanism,A wide-width,low-power wheat seeding and fertilization integrated machine based on motor drive can realize closed-loop control(fusion seeding quantity detection device),and carry out technical practice for the promotion and application of motor driven wheat seeding and fertilizer application integrated machine.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)The structure design of an integrated planting and fertilizing cabinetThe design of the box body is completed: the box body structure is reasonably designed to ensure the fluidity of the material at the outlet of the box body discharge channel;the fixed installation mechanism and the box body intermediate support between the box body and the seeding rate detection device are designed The structure not only ensures the measurement performance of the detection device,but also ensures the stability and installation accuracy of the large-span box;through the optimized design of the connecting mechanism between the box and the seeding and fertilizer applicator,it ensures that the design axis of the seeding and fertilizer applicator is The coaxiality is installed between the actual drive shafts,which effectively reduces the friction coefficient.(2)Design of drive system installation mechanismA high-level and easy-to-disassemble combined installation mechanism is designed,which not only ensures the stability and reliability of the drive system installation,but also ensures the installation accuracy of the components of the drive system.(3)Optimized design of outer groove wheel type seeding and fertilizer applicatorThe existing outer groove wheel type fertilizer applicator has large running resistance,easy to jam and wear seeds,and uneven sowing and fertilization.It is optimized: a thin-walled bearing is installed to ensure that the groove wheel can be accurately positioned,eliminating the problem of the groove wheel and the The friction between the main body of the seeding and fertilizer applicator,the running resistance of the sheave wheel is small;the matching relationship between the sheave wheel positioning ring and the bearing and the sheave wheel and the sheave wheel is easy to replace.(4)Simulation and analysisUse the finite element analysis software ANSYS to perform static stress analysis on the main stressed components such as the box body,connectors,and nitrogen spring mounting brackets to determine the safety and reliability of the structural design;use the discrete element analysis software EDEM to simulate the working process of the seeding and fertilizer applicator Analyze the distribution and movement of materials in the seeding and fertilizer applicator,and judge the sealing performance of the seeding and fertilizer applicator and the feasibility of structural design.(5)Comprehensive performance test and evaluationThe corresponding data of fertilization amount are 2.23%,1.23%,0.48%,0.66%,and the corresponding data of fertilization amount are 2.65%,1.7%,0.46%,0.98% respectively;the vehicle-mounted dynamic seeding test on cement road(a few potholes)shows : The relative error and standard deviation of the cumulative sowing amount are 3.52% and 1.14%respectively;within the working range of the sowing and fertilizer applicator,the output power can be 270 W,and the default is 82.8W.The above test results show that the planting and fertilizing integrated machine designed here has better stability in the on-board state;by comparing with the group of existing two-meter wide sowing and fertilizing integrated machines,the planting and fertilizing integrated machine designed here Machine power consumption,with better displacement consistency and stability.