Research On Blockchain Consensus Mechanism Based On The Multifactor Capacity In Agricultural Internet Of Things

Blockchain technology,featuring decentralization,data tamper-proofing and traceability,provides applications for distributed data storage and secure management in the Io T,making it a research hotspot.However,as the agricultural Io T devices are usually resource-constrained and require high real-time transaction processing,the existing consensus mechanisms are unsuitable for integrating blockchain technology with agricultural Io T.Therefore,designing a green blockchain consensus mechanism tailored to the needs of agricultural Io T is of significant importance.Due to the poor scalability and low consensus efficiency of blockchain consensus mechanisms,they are unable to meet the high efficiency and low latency requirements of agricultural Io T applications.To address such issues,this thesis proposes a Proof-ofMultifactor-Capacity(Po MC)blockchain consensus mechanism based on the multifactor capacity values.It uses a node’s credibility to describe its contribution to the system and the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of its communication ability as evidence for participating in the consensus.A node selection algorithm based on credibility mechanism has been designed for selecting senator nodes,which effectively resists Sybil attacks.To avoid problems such as stake accumulation in Po S,a distributed incentive mechanism has been constructed,which not only incentivizes nodes to actively maintain the system,but also limits malicious behavior by faulty nodes.To further improve the transaction throughput of the system,a Layered Multifactorcapacity Consensus Mechanism(LMCC)has been proposed to address the slow processing speed of double-spending transactions in IOTA,which is based on a directed acyclic graph blockchain scheme.LMCC adopts the block as the basic unit of the distributed ledger and achieves consensus based on the inter-referencing relationship of nodes in the DAG ledger.When conflicting blocks are detected in the ledger,they are immediately reported to the coordination layer.In the coordination layer,senator nodes use practical Byzantine fault tolerance consensus mechanism to achieve efficient consensus on double-spending resolution and election information.Using a multifactor capacity composite model based on the DAG blockchain,senator nodes vote on conflicting blocks and unload the blocks with low vote counts in the DAG ledger.Additionally,a block total order algorithm is designed,in which senator nodes partition the blocks in the DAG ledger into rounds to achieve block total order and meet the deployment conditions of smart contracts.Based on the OMNe T++ simulation,we implemented the proposed consensus mechanisms and conducted experiments and analysis on key performance indicators for both Po MC and LMCC.Based on the experimental results,both Po MC and LMCC have advantages over existing consensus mechanisms in key indicators such as transaction validation latency,system throughput,and consensus success rate.A blockchain system prototype called B-AIo T,specifically designed for the agricultural Internet of Things,was implemented based on the proposed consensus mechanisms.B-AIo T includes functionalities such as user management,information management,blockchain layer interaction,and data center management.