Study On The Coupling Effect Of Water And Calcium On Cucumber Grown In Bag Culture At Different Temperatures

Appropriate temperature and water and fertilizer usage are necessary requirements for the optimal and high yield of facility crops,and plants in different environments also need suitable water and fertilizer coupling schemes.Calcium is one of the essential elements for plant growth and can enhance the plant’s resistance to stress.However,there is currently a lack of research on the effects of adjusting irrigation and calcium application rates on crops at different temperatures.To investigate the coupling effects of temperature,relative moisture content,and calcium application on the growth of bagged cucumber,the experimental material selected in this study was the cucumber variety ’Bonai 526’.The experiment used temperature,relative moisture content of the substrate,and calcium application as experimental factors,and adopted a three factor five level quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design.Three experiments were conducted in 2021 and2022.Relevant indicators were measured to explore the effects of temperature,relative moisture content of substrate,and calcium application on the comprehensive growth of bagged cucumber.TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation was conducted on each treatment to obtain comprehensive evaluation values for different treatment combinations.A coupling model was established for temperature,relative moisture content,and calcium application during the growth of bagged cucumber.The regulatory effects of temperature,relative moisture content,and calcium application on the growth of bagged cucumber were analyzed,including single factor,double factor,and triple factor coupling.The most suitable combination of relative moisture content and calcium application for cucumber growth at different temperatures was obtained.In order to obtain a water and fertilizer management plan that can promote high-quality and high yield of greenhouse bagged cucumber,and provide guidance for water and fertilizer management of greenhouse bagged cucumber at different temperatures.The main research findings are as follows:1.There are differences in the effects of different treatments on the growth and element accumulation of bagged cucumber in three crop experiments.When the coding amount is 0,all three factors have larger plant height,leaf length,and leaf area,and when the relative water content is 90±5%,leaf length and leaf area perform best.The dry and fresh weight and the distribution rate of dry and fresh weight vary slightly among different stubbles.The accumulation and distribution of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and calcium elements in different parts of plants at different stages are slightly different.The combinations with the highest yield in spring,autumn,and spring crops in2021,2021,and 2022 are temperature 27.0/17.0 ℃,substrate moisture content 90 ± 5%,calcium application rate 4.90g/plant,temperature 36.0/26.0℃,substrate moisture content 65±5%,calcium application rate 4.90g/plant,and temperature 36.0/26.0,substrate moisture content 65±5%,and calcium application rate 4.90g/plant,respectively;The highest WUE treatment combinations for three crops were temperature 21.65/11.65℃,substrate moisture content 50±5%,calcium application rate 6.36g/plant,temperature 21.65/11.65℃,substrate moisture content 50±5%,calcium application rate 3.45g/plant,and temperature 18.0/8.0℃,substrate moisture content 90±5%,and calcium application rate 4.90g/plant.2.Determination and comprehensive evaluation analysis of the weight of comprehensive evaluation indicators for bagged cucumber.TOPSIS comprehensive analysis of the comprehensive growth evaluation of bagged cucumber found that the binding degree of each treatment combination and the optimal coding amount of the three cropping plan were(0,0,0).According to the single factor response model,the comprehensive growth evaluation value of cucumber shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the coding value of each factor,and there are thresholds for all of them.The results of dual factor analysis indicate that the comprehensive growth evaluation value of bagged cucumber shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of any two factors.3.Simulate and optimize the comprehensive growth model of bagged cucumber to determine the optimal combination of relative moisture content and calcium application at different temperatures.The results of the comprehensive three crop experiment showed that when the day and night temperature was between 18.0/8.0℃and 21.6/11.6℃,the most suitable combination of relative moisture content and calcium application for cucumber comprehensive growth was67.66%-69.69% relative moisture content,and 5.29-5.33 g/plant calcium application;When the day and night temperature is between 21.6/11.6℃and 27.0/17.0℃,a relative moisture content of 65.82%-68.99% and a calcium application rate of 4.89-5.25 g/plant are most conducive to high yield of cucumber;When the day and night temperature is between27.0/17.0 ℃-32.0/22.0 ℃,a relative moisture content of 64.80%-68.54% and a calcium application rate of 4.73-5.11 g/plant are most conducive to the comprehensive growth of cucumber;When the day and night temperature is between 32.0/22.0℃-36.0/26.0℃,the combination of relative moisture content and calcium application rate for cucumber comprehensive growth is 63.81%-68.21%,and the optimal calcium application rate is4.88-4.97 g/plant.